This study aimed to assess the efficacy of L-arginine supplementation for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, that designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.In this study, 60 new smear positive patients (30 patients in the case group, 30 patients in the control group), of 10 health care centers in Central Province randomly are selected and After obtaining informed consent , patients randomly will be divided into two groups, in case group is givenThe standard treatment of TB with L - arginine (2 g per day for 30 days)and in Control group , along with standard TB treatment is given placebo(2 g per day for 30 days). Baseline clinical evaluation of all patients before the plan is Including chest radiography, weight measurement, and check of CBC, ESR, and CRP.The Patients at days 14, 28, 42 and 56 after treatment are followed. the collected data analyzed by spss( version 19) software.