ketamine is a non barbiturates short acting intravenous anesthetic drug that caused the separative anesthesia like involuntary movements and cataleptic mode. In older patients ketamin is beneficial in emergency trauma and surgery or shock. To determine the efficacy of two doses of ketamine on the byspectral index, hemodynamic changes and mental status of patients undergoing reduction of nasal fracture surgery.
A clinical trial study on 80 patients’ candidate for closed reduction of nasal fracture surgery, 18 to 59 years old who classified in Class 1 ASA anesthesia is used. People with history of hypertension, epilepsy, hyperthyroid, mental disorders coronary artery were excluded. This form of random allocation was designed to block randomization, in both group, At first, was administered 0.1 mg/kg Sufentanil then 0.2mg/kg Midazolam after that, in control group, anesthetic induction in Group HDK (High Dose Ketamin)was pretreated with ketamine 1 mg/kg and in intervention group, anesthetic induction in Group LDK(Low Dose Ketamin) was pretreated with ketammin 0.5mg/kg. Patient during, exactly after induction by ketamin and after the operation every 15 minutes until 2 hours for efficacy of anesthesia and hemodynamic changes by blood pressure measurement with same manometer, heart rate, BSI (with superficial electrodes on head skin were performed by the same nurse who was blinded to Study medication.