Objective: To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine added to local infiltration of bupivacaine on post-operative pain of pediatric inguinal herniorraphy.
Research Design: Conduction of a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial.
Inclusion criteria:
Patients between the range of 6 months to 6 years old; (ASA I); patients who have surgery for unilateral inguinal hernia.
Exclusion criteria:
A history of bleeding disorders, allergies to Dexmedetomidine and bupivacaine; developmental delay; upper respiratory tract infection, congenital heart disease, liver and kidney failure, neurological disease, mental retardation.
In the recovery (PACU) O2 Sat, heart rate and blood pressure will be monitored by a nurse every 15 minutes.
Postoperative pain will be measured by an experienced nurse by children's and infant's postoperative pain scale (CHIPPS) immediately after arrival in recovery, 1 hour, 3 hours and 4 hours after the operation. And also sedation will be measured by sedation score immediately 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours after the arrival to recovery.
Oral midazolam 0.5 mg/ kg will be used for sedation for all patients 30-20 minutes before transfer to the operating room.
6 milligrams per kilogram 1/3-2/3 solution is injected after entering the operating room. 7 milligrams per kilogram of sodium thiopental is injected for induction of anesthesia and sevoflurane 0.5-2% and oxygen and nitrous oxide by mask for maintenance.
All patients will be monitored preoperatively and as same as the heart rate, EKG and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2) every 5 minutes until the end of surgery.
If there is more than 3 CHIPPS pain score, 15 mg / kg acetaminophen given intravenously, and ondansetron is administered if there is vomiting.
In group (BD، ( 0.2 ml/kg and 0.5 % Bupivacaine while in group (BO)، 0.5 ml/kg Bupivacaine0.5% + 1 ml normal saline.