Goals: Evaluation the effect of magnesium sulfate in comparison with lidocaine on hemodynamic changes after endotracheal intubation and carbon dioxide insufflation in patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Current study is a randomized, triple-blind clinical trial conducted on 60 patients (30 cases and 30 controls) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital in both genders (age range: 18-70 years). Patients, individuals who were responsible for assessing variables and analyzing data were unaware of how patients have been put in groups. Patients were divided into two experimental and control groups, randomly. First, two boxed with A and B codes were provided, then medications were given to anesthesia technician and he/she was asked to put medications into one of the boxes. Then, researcher selected randomly one of the boxes and the injection was performed. Current study is in phase 2 of clinical trial. Patients with allergy to magnesium sulfate؛ hypermagnesemia؛ hypertension؛ morbid obesity؛ and severe hepatic, renal, endocrine and cardiac dysfunction were excluded from the study. Studied medications included magnesium sulfate 30 mg/kg, and lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg which were diluted to 20 ml by adding distilled water. In patients with severe hemodynamic changes, the following therapeutic interventions were performed: for bradycardia (heart rate less than 60 per minute), intravenous bolus dose of 0.6 mg injection atropine, for hypotension (mean arterial pressure less than 60 mmHg), increasing the rate of intravenous fluid injection and/or intravenous bolus dose of injection phenylephrine. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded as follows: (1) basic vital signs, (2) before laryngoscopy, (3) after endotracheal intubation (in 1-5 minute intervals), (4) before carbon dioxide insufflation, (5) 5 minutes after carbon dioxide insufflation, (6) 15 minutes after carbon dioxide insufflation, and (7) 30 minutes after carbon dioxide insufflation.