The aim of this study is to determine and compare the serum sodium and potassium levels as well as hemodynamic changes during and within 24 hours after the percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The inclusion criteria are the age between 15 to 65 years, having normal levels of sodium and potassium, having a kidney stone with a diameter greater than 2 cm and having 1 and 2 risk of anesthesia. Exclusion criteria include having histories of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, renal failure, hyponatremia and hypokalemia and using drugs that affect serum electrolyte.
This study is a before and after intervention. Sixty three patients who have the mentioned criteria are recruited.
Intervention: During the procedure, intravenous normal saline (0.9%) is infused. After insertion of a urinary catheter in lithotomic situation, the patient is placed in abdomen supine position. Distilled water is used for renal washing in above procedure. The primary outcomes include measuring the patients’ serum levels of sodium and potassium at study recruitment, before renal washing with distilled water, every 60 minutes during washing, after the end of the operation and during the 24 hours post-operation. The secondary outcomes include the measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, percent of arterial blood oxygen saturation and heart rate during the mentioned intervals.