This is a randomized double blind clinical trial study that perform on 100 children between the ages of 2 to 14 years old at 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht, Iran in 2014, undergoing upper endoscopy according to gastroenterologist diagnosis. After obtaining written consent from their parents, the patients are divided into two groups (ketamine or midazolam) using random fixed block method.
In the group Ketamin, 30 minutes prior to the endoscopy, 5 mg/kg of ketamine dissolved in 0.5 cc/kg of usp syrup (mixture of sucrose and water in a ratio of 85%) will be given to all children and normal saline as placebo will be dropped into the nose. In the midazolam group, 0.1 mg/kg administrate intranasal and the placebo usp syrup is fed.
In all children, age, sex, soothe, calm, fear, cooperation and children behavior at separation time from their parents, the arterial oxygen saturation, blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate before, during and after endoscopy and complications such as nausea, vomiting, seizures, Laryngospasm and duration of sedation and amnesia or remembrance of procedure to be reviewed.
After collecting the data, they will be entered into SPSS version 17. For analyzing, T test for quantitative variables and Chi square test for qualitative variables will be used.