This is a randomized double–blind clinical trial (in terms of the patients, surgeon and researcher) which investigates patients who undergone open septorhinoplasty in Amiarlmoemenin hospital, Rasht. The condition to enter this study is indication of septorhinoplasty and conditions to exit this study are patients’ disagreement to take part in the study, past allergic reaction to lidocaine or tranexamic acid, uncontrolled blood pressure(MAP>120, SBP>160), aspirin or any anticoagulant or anti-platelet agent intake, past history of thrombophilia or thromboembolic accidents, any abnormality in investigations which include PT, PTT, INR>1 before surgery, color vision disturbance and positive seizure history. After taking written consent from patients, 196 patients are divided into two groups (who receive placebo is P, and who receive drug is T) by an operating technician who is blinded based on a computerized program.Demographic information of the patients which consist of sex, age, height, weight, past medical history and drug history are registered.
Patients undergo a general anesthesia with the same method, in T group lidocaine 2% 5ml, Aqua destillata 2.5ml, adrenaline 1/10000 0.1ml, Tranexamic acid 10% 2.5 ml, and in P group lidocaine 2% 5ml, Aqua destillata 5ml, adrenaline 1/10000 0.1ml, will be used to induce local anesthesia. Then to induce loacal anesthesia, the anesthesia solution will be injected as below: 2 ml into septum, 2 ml into the incision site, 1-1.5 ml into hump site, 2-2.5 ml into lateral osteotomy site. Septorhinoplasty is performed by an ENT specialist with standard method. Bleeding from operation site is evaluated by ml based on blood volume suctioned and the satisfaction of ENT specialist from operation site is a number from 1 to 3, 1: good (mild bleeding), 2: moderate (bleeding is present but does not interfere with operation process), 3: bad (severe bleeding causes operation site to be unclear to the surgeon).
Finally, the volume of the serum used for washing operation site is reduced from the total volume of the liquid in the suction.