The Effectiveness of low dose Ketamine and Propofol in prevention of Shivering in Patients during Sesarean section under Spinal Anesthesia

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of low dose Ketamine and Propofol in Prevention of Shivering in Patients during Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia

Clinical trial with control group with parallel groups, Triple blind, randomized, and sample size is 132.

In this study 132 patient with elective Cesarean section with spinal anesthesia were included and will be divided into three groups of 44. All patients with marcaine 0.5% undergo spinal anesthesia.The Ketamine group will receive 10 mg of ketamine, Propofol group, 10 mg of propofol and 2 ml of Normal saline in placebo group immediately after embryo withdrawal.For blindness the volume of injectable solution will be 2 cc in each of three groups.The preparing of drugs is done by an anesthetic technician who is not involved in this study and for injection is given to someone who is unaware of contents of the syringes.A person who is unaware of the type of injectable drug evaluate the shivering of patients during and 0.5 h after operation in recovery room and records the results.Nausea and vomiting of patients are also recorded in these times.The date analysis in this study is done by person who in unaware of the type of drug used.

Inclusion criteria are pregnant women aged 15_45 years old; patients with ASA class I & II; patients signed informed consent and exclusion criteria are history of allergy to Ketamine and Propofol; placenta previa; preeclampsia & eclampsia; Raynaud's syndrome; thyroid diseases and cardiovascular diseases.

The ketamine group will receive 10 mg of ketamine, Propofol group, 10 mg of propofol and 2 ml of normal saline in placebo group immediately after embryo withdrawal. The injectable solution will be equal to 2 cc in each of the three groups.

Shivering in patients during cesarean section

A Convenient Sampling method will be used to enter the patients.These patients will be randomly assigned into three groups: Ketamine, Propofol and Placebo.The randomization tool will be Opaque envelopes in this study.For randomization three type of envelopes to the number of sample size is provided, an envelope randomly selected from the envelopes and based on the type of envelope code selected (type A, B and C )the prescribed drug for each code will be injected to patients.Preparing of these three drugs is done by an anesthetic technician who is not involved in this study and for injection is given to someone who is unaware of contents of the syringes.In the Ketamine group, 10 mg of ketamine and in the Propofol group, 10 mg of Propofol and 2 ml of Normal Saline will be injected in the Placebo group.For blindness the volume of injectable solution will be 2 cc in each of three groups.

Preparing of these three drugs is done by an anesthetic technician who is not involved in this study and for injection is given to someone who is unaware of contents of the syringes.In the Ketamine group, 10 mg of ketamine and in the Propofol group, 10 mg of Propofol and 2 ml of Normal Saline will be injected in the Placebo group.For blindness the volume of injectable solution will be 2 cc in each of three groups.A person who in not aware of the type of injectable drug evaluate patients during and after surgery. The data analyst in this study will also be unaware of the type of drug used.