Inclusion criteria:
Pregnant women with repeated cesarean delivery and more than 39 gestational age
Age between 18 to 40 years old
Candidate for elective cesarean delivery underwent spinal anesthesia
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification system I and II
Without history of asthma, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, acute and chronic renal failure, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, peripheral vascular diseases, preeclampsia, eclampsia, seizure, convulsion, and cancers
Without history of drug abuse or sedative & hypnotic drugs
Without congenital malformation
Without history of airway problems and systemic diseases, and preterm labor
Without history of medication allergy
Without coagulopathy
Hemoglobin level above 10 g/dl
Normal level of clotting time (CT), bleeding time (BT), prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and international normalized ratio (INR)
Having at least two clinical visit with obstetrician and one blood test and 2 control sonography during pregnancy in pregnancy record
Filling the informed consent form
Exclusion criteria:
Use of sedative and hypnotic drugs before surgery
Use of anticoagulants 48 hours before surgery
With psychiatric disorders