Inclusion criteria:
minimum age of 18 years old
The inclusion criteria were as follows: existence of ≥3/5 elements for metabolic syndrome including:
central obesity (men: ≥94 cm, women: ≥80 cm waist circumference);
hypertension (systolic ≥130 mmHg, diastolic ≥85 mmHg and/or anti-hypertensive treatment);
diabetes (fasting blood sugar (FBS) ≥100 mg/dL and/or anti-diabetic treatment);
elevated triglycerides(TG) (≥150 mg/dL);
low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (men: <40 mg/dL, women: <50 mg/dL) and/or cholesterol-lowering treatment
Exclusion criteria:
level of education less than fifth grade
hepatic diseases, hematologic diseases, renal failure (GFR <30),
Secondary causes of dyslipidemia, such as hypothyroidism and taking oral contraceptives,
severe psychological illness,
physical disability,
known Cancer and treated
type 1 diabetes,
Alzheimer's and dementia
Active TB disease, HIV