The effect of 12-weeks of interval and continuous training on vaspin, Asymmetric dimethyl-arginine and relationship with flow-mediated dilation in patients with type 2 diabetes

Investigation of high- intensity interval training and continuous intensity moderate training on plasma levels of vaspin, asymmetric dimethyl-arginine, nitric oxide and relation with flow-mediated dilation in patient with type 2 diabetes.

In this study, 75 participants divided into 3 groups high- intensity interval training, continuous intensity moderate training and control. Randomization was performed by block randomization with a block size of 4. Randomised clinical trial with single-blind and parallel groups.

This study was performed in University of Azad, research ad science brench and Metabolism and Diabetes Center of Shariati hospital.

Including criteria: included having a history of type 2 diabetes more than two years, glycosylated hemoglobin above 6% (HbA1C >6%), body mass index over 25, pre hypertension or I stage, no history of 6 months of regular exercise to do the study. Exclusion criteria included fasting blood glucose over 400 mg/dl, functional limitations (such as osteoarthritis), history of myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass surgery or angioplasty, chronic heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, smoking, insulin therapy and HbA1C > 10%.

1. High- intensity interval training that program was including 12 intervals 1.5 minutes at 85-90% HR max that separated by 2 minutes active period at 55- 60% HR max. 2. Continues moderate intensity training consist of 42 minutes at 70% HR max. 3. Control group were encouraged to maintain their daily activities without exercise training.

Flow-mediated dilation, Nitrite/ Nitrate, Vaspin, Asymmetric dimethyl-arginine, Resistance insulin, Fasting glucose, VO2peak.

Randomization was performed by blocking based on gender and age which performed by www.randomizatoin.com. The A code was used for women and B for men. The block size was 3. We used a code for a rage of 10 years. The 1 code included participants that ages was between 40-50 years, 2 code included participants that ages was between 50-60 years and 3 code included participants that ages was between 60-70 years. Therefore, if a person with a male gender and age range was 40 to 50 years, he would be assigned according to the system with A1 code, and if a person with a female gender and age range of 40 to 50 years, she would be assigned with B1 code. According to the 2 sexes of men and women and 3 age groups, combination of 6 types of codes including A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 were placed in one block. In the data entry section, the number of subjects, codes and block size were entered. The output consisted of 12 blocks of 6 people and a block of 3 people, which was provided to us in the form of a table by the site itself. Therefore, each group consisted of 4 blocks and one code.

The participants were aware of the study. They were assigned in groups based on randomization and the codes. The evaluators are specialists who were unaware of the grouping and the purpose of the study. Statistical analysis was performed by statisticians who were unaware of the study because the groups were sent to him based on coding.