The Effect of Virtual Reality on Anxiety, Stress, and Hemodynamic parameters among Primiparous Women During Cesarean Section: A Randomized controlled Clinical Trial

This study aims to: investigates the effect of virtual reality on anxiety, stress, and hemodynamic parameters among primiparous women during cesarean section.

parallel, group, Non blind, Randomized controlled clinical trial

operating theater / Maternal and Children Hospital in Najran city.

Inclusion criteria were parturient with normal vision and hearing abilities, no history of generalized anxiety disorder or mental illness, free from serious obstetrics complications (according to the obstetrician evaluation), no increased intraoperative risk (e.g., placental disturbance) that identified in the preoperative period and accept to participate on the study. Any woman developed intraoperative complication will be excluded from the study.

For the intervention group, the virtual reality glass (VR) will be applied after regional anesthesia; then, hemodynamic parameters were assessed before intervention, immediately after anesthesia, skin incision, delivery, skin suture, and two hours after surgery. Anxiety will be reassessed at siting on surgery table, after completing skin suturing, and recovery time (2 hours postoperative). Stress will be reassessed after completing skin suture and two hours post-operative. Women is also asked about her satisfaction about the care provided.

Anxiety, Stress, and Hemodynamic

The participants will be randomly assigned to intervention or control group through randomization block technique. Six steps were followed to carryout participants' assignment using randomization block technique. First, the investigators will write a list contains numbers from 1 to 350. Second; the investigators will prepare small pieces of papers that comprise numbers from 1 to 350. Third; the investigators will fold each piece of papers to hide the written number, then it will be collected in a large bowl. Fourth; the researchers divided the 350 pieces of papers into 35 blocks in a random and blind manner. Each block contains 10. Fifth; from each block, five pieces of papers will be selected randomly and blindly to the intervention group and the remaining 5 pieces of papers will be assigned to the control group. A total of 175 numbers will be assigned to each group. Sixth; the classification of cases will be recorded in the pre-prepared list (the word intervention or control will be recorded in front of each number) to be considered at the time of data collection. The intervention group (G1) included 175 participants and the control group (G2) involved 175 patients who will be submitted to routine care.

published research report that contains all the study findings

within one year and will be available long life

public

for scientific use and public education

non

non

non