Purpose: To compare intubation conditions and cardiovascular changes following induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation in patients receiving either lidocaine-remifentanil-propofol or lidocaine-remifentanil-sevoflurane prior to induction. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind study 75 healthy children patients with these exclusion criteria: 1) cardiac disease, 2)asthma and any other pulmonary disease, 3)gastroesophagial reflux, 4)morbid obesity (BMI>30) , 5)difficult tracheal expected intubation were assigned to one of two groups: lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg, remifentanil 2 μg/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg (Group P) or lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg, remifentanil 2 μg/kg and sevoflurane (Group S). Then laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation were attempted at BIS 40-50. Intubation conditions were assessed as excellent, good or poor on the basis of ease of ventilation, position of the vocal cords, and patient’s response to intubation and slow inflation of the tracheal cuff. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before anesthetic agent administration, immediately after tracheal intubation, and five minutes after intubation.