Investigating the effects of tecar therapy with biofeedback in comparison with biofeedback alone on the treatment of fecal incontinence in children (4-16 years): a randomized clinical trial

In this randomized clinical trial, the effects of tecar therapy with biofeedback in comparison with biofeedback alone on the treatment of fecal incontinence in children (4-16 years) will be investigated.

Clinical trial in phase 2 on 81 volunteers with control and intervention groups with parallel groups, single-blind, randomization by simple randomization method

This study will be done in the physiotherapy clinic of Mashhad University Rehabilitation Center. The participants will complete the questionnaire of constipation and incontinence and children's quality of life and the frequency of incontinence per week , then the patients will be randomly divided into three intervention groups . Control group: routine medical care including diet and lifestyle modification and laxative consumption Intervention group 1: biofeedback therapy , 2 sessions a week Intervention group 2, biofeedback therapy along with tecar therapy ,2 sessions a week This study will have a 6-week intervention time and 6 weeks follow-up.

Inclusion criteria: children age range from 4 to 16 years fecal incontinence for 6 months according to the diagnosis of the referring specialist doctor Exclusion criteria: traumatic sphincter injury with/or following surgery anorectal and anatomical abnormalities of the excretory system with/or digestive system and sexual disorders psychological and psychiatric disorders comprehension problems and children who are unable to cooperate with a physiotherapist for any reason Spine with/or nerve diseases that lead to fecal incontinence patients with sensory disorders in the anus and perineum

Control group: routine medical care Intervention group 1: biofeedback therapy alone Intervention group2: biofeedback with tecar therapy.

The number of bowel incontinence per week

At the beginning of the study, the researchers decided to add the usual medical treatment group, so the randomization was changed to three groups, including two physiotherapy intervention groups and one usual medical intervention group.

Randomization will be done by simple randomization method with table of random numbers assigned to three groups.

To hide the allocation of the type of intervention received, it will be written on a piece of paper and placed inside sealed envelopes, consecutively numbered. The envelopes will be opened in the order in which the participants enter the study and the type of group of people will be determined. Due to the nature of the treatment, it is not possible to blind the patient and the researcher, so only the evaluator will be blind to the grouping.