Inclusion criteria:
Primiparous and first pregnancy experience
Age 18 to 35 years
Gestational age between 12 weeks and 28 weeks
Satisfaction and willingness to participate in study and cooperation
Iranian nationality
At least reading and writing literacy
Single pregnancy
Living in Gonbadkavos city
Exclusion criteria:
History of infertility
Current high-risk pregnancy (such as multiple pregnancies, use of certain drugs, physical disorders and diseases such as: hepatitis or gastrointestinal diseases causing nausea and vomiting, mental retardation, smoking, pregnancy in progress Infertility, occurrence of accidents major and unfavorable in the past 2 months, such as severe differences with spouse, death of father and spouse or mother)
History of divorce
Ectopic pregnancy
Hydatidiform mole
Suffering from proven systemic diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, psychiatric disorders