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IRCT2014040917197N1 IRCT 2014-05-23 Tehran Universiy of Medical Sciences Comparison of the effect of local cold and warmth upon the size of bruising at the injection site of subcutaneous Enoxaparin. Comparison of the effect of local cold and warmth upon the size of bruising at the injection site of subcutaneous Enoxaparin. 2014-04-21 anticipated 180 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/15871 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Prevention. 2-3 Diseases of skin and subcutaneouse tissue. Intervention 1: In the group 1: cold compress are exerted on the injection site of 60 patients under treatment by subcutaneous Enoxaparin (60 mg), for 20 minutes, using a towel, just after every injection in abdomen. Intervention 2: In the group 2: in addition to exertion of cold compress on the injection site of 60 patients under treatment by subcutaneous Enoxaparin (60 mg), for 20 minutes just after every injection in abdomen, over 12 hours of injection time, warm compress bag will be placed as well on the same point of injection, using a towel, for 20 minutes. Intervention 3: Third group is called control group and dose not take any special action to these patients except routine injection of subcutaneous Enoxaparin. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10376178.2016.1190289 Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of the application of local cold and cold-hot packs upon the size of bruising at the injection site of subcutaneous Enoxaparin sodium. <br /> Methods: One-hundred and eighty patients with coronary diseases were allocated randomly to three groups: (i) local cold gel pack group; (ii) local cold-hot gel pack group; and (iii) control group. Assessment of the presence of a bruise was conducted at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the injections for all patients. <br /> Results: The cold-hot pack group had significantly less and smaller injection site bruising than the two other groups at 48 and 72 hours (both p < 0.001). <br /> Conclusions: The local application of cold-hot packs is more effective on reducing bruises following enoxaparin sodium injections when compared with local cold pack application alone. Thus, this process can improve the quality of nursing care for hospitalized patients receiving these injections.<br /> Keywords: low-molecular-weight heparin; enoxaparin; injections; bruising; cold application<br />
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scientific Shokooh Varaie
The faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Tehran University of Medical Scienses, Nosrat Street, Tohid Squre, Tehran, Iran
Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of) +98 21 6105 4327 shvaraei@tums.ac.ir The faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Tehran University of Medical Scienses Iran (Islamic Republic of) The patient do not be pregnant; has not any coagulation disorders; the patient has the written order for injection Enoxaparin 60mg by doctor per 12 hours; and there is not record of previous injections during last 24hours in his/her abdominal area. Exclusion criteria: The drug of Enoxaparin stopped by doctor or changed; there is bleeding in injection area. 18 years no limit Both XII L00-L99 Prevention Prevention Treatment - Drugs In the group 1: cold compress are exerted on the injection site of 60 patients under treatment by subcutaneous Enoxaparin (60 mg), for 20 minutes, using a towel, just after every injection in abdomen. In the group 2: in addition to exertion of cold compress on the injection site of 60 patients under treatment by subcutaneous Enoxaparin (60 mg), for 20 minutes just after every injection in abdomen, over 12 hours of injection time, warm compress bag will be placed as well on the same point of injection, using a towel, for 20 minutes. Third group is called control group and dose not take any special action to these patients except routine injection of subcutaneous Enoxaparin. The size of bruising at the injection site of subcutaneous Enoxaparin. Timepoint: Until 3 days after the injection. Method of measurement: Using a plastic ruler. Tehran Universiy of Medical Sciences Approved 2014-02-03 Tehran university of Medical Sciences The Central Building of Tehran university of Medical Scienc, keshavarz Street, Qods Street, Tehran, Iran Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of)