IRCT2015011020011N1 IRCT 2015-01-10 Iran University of Medical Sciences Evaluation of patients with dyssynergic defecation after biofeedback therapy by MR defecography Evaluation of pelvic motion in patients with chronic constipation due to dyssynergic defecation after biofeedback therapy by MR defecography 2015-01-10 anticipated 22 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/17761 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment. N/A Chronic costipation and dyssynergic defecation. Intervention 1: For control group; standard therapy [The instructions regarding bowel habit, daily exercise (walking for 20 minutes), diaphragmatic breathing exercises (daily for 15 minutes, three times a day), dietary fiber and fluid intake, toilet timing (the patient was taught to attempt having a bowel movement at least twice a day, 30 minutes after meals or walking and consulted to avoid straining more than 5 minutes during defecation). If patients had no bowel movement for more than 48 hours, they were guided to use laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol. The patients were trained about the correct position of defecation. The duration is 3 months and the patients were supervised at least once a week over phone], cognitive-behavioral therapy (once a week). Intervention 2: For experimental group; biofeedback therapy(to correct the dyssynergic pattern of defecation, the patients should learn how to appropriately contract or relax anal and pelvic floor muscles, by visual and verbal feedback. A surface electrode on abdominal muscles and an interarectal pressure probe are used to monitor the activity of the muscles. Each biofeedback therapy session is performed 60 minutes twice a week for 12 sessions, then, once a week for 6 sessions, as a whole 18 sessions over 3 months.), exercise therapy ( three times a day for ten minute), cognitive-behavioral therapy (once a week) and standard therapy .