IRCT2015092824241N1 IRCT 2015-11-07 Vice Chancellor for Research of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Effect of Tranexamic Acid On intraoperative Bleeding - Evaluating the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid on intraoperative bleeding during elective rhinoplasty surgery 2014-10-01 anticipated 96 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/20514 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Prevention, Other design features: A statistician not otherwise involved in the study provides the randomization sequence using an electronic random number generator (Microsoft Excel Program). Allocation letters are sealed using envelopes in which tranexamic acid or normal saline solutions are provided which look indistinguishable. 2 Intraoperative Bleeding during Rhinoplasty. Intervention 1: Intervention Group 1: Study subjects in the treatment arm will be administered with a bolus intravenous dose of tranexamic acid (10 milligram per kilogram, Caspian – Tamin Pharmaceutical Company, Rasht, Iran) which is transfused slowly after anesthesia induction. Anesthesia is attempted similarly for all patients. Briefly, propofol 2 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) and fentanyl 1 micro-gram per kilogram are transfused with the aim of induction. Intravenous Atracurium (0.5 mg/kg) is infused to facilitate orotracheal intubation and anesthesia will be maintained using isoflurane inspired at a flow rate of 5 liters per minute in combination with air 30% in oxygen. Intravenous neostigmine 0.04 mg/kg and atropine 0.01 mg/kg will be used to reverse neuromuscular blockage at the end of operation. Intervention 2: Control Group: Subjects in the control group will receive normal saline as the placebo. Anesthesia is attempted similarly for all patients. Briefly, propofol 2 milligram per kg and fentanyl 1 micro-gram per kilogram are transfused with the aim of induction. Intravenous Atracurium (0.5 mg/kg) is infused to facilitate orotracheal intubation and anesthesia will be maintained using isoflurane inspired at a flow rate of 5 liters per minute in combination with air 30% in oxygen. Intravenous neostigmine 0.04 mg per kg and atropine 0.01 mg per kg will be used to reverse neuromuscular blockage at the end of operation.