<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20171106037264N2</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2018-09-18</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Pain reduction by Laser</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Pain reduction during infiltration injection of maxillary deciduous molar teeth by low level laser in 4-9 years old children</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2018-09-23</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>64</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/32538</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: This research is randomized clinical trial.with the help of 4 numeric random blocks ,by Excel software, Blinding description: The participant, care provider,investigator and outcome assessor will not be informed about the application of laser which is on or off.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Pain reduction during infiltration injection of maxillary deciduous molar teeth by low level laser in children.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: In referral session patients history will be taken and intervention's goal will be explained to parents then an informed consent will be taken.First,20% benzocaine  local anesthetic gel(Brand: pahl) will be applied to the subjected area.Right after, Denlase's low level laser (wave length 810 nm, by hand piece therapy( 0/78 cross section) 200 mW power, 20 s Radiation time,5j/cm2 density of energy) will be applied to the area for 20 s before injection. This steps will be done once for buccal side and once for palatal side. Intervention 2: Control group: In referral session patients history will be taken and intervention's goal will be explained to parents then an informed consent will be taken.First,20% benzocaine  local anesthetic gel(Brand: pahl) will be applied to the subjected area.Right after, Denlase's low level laser, wich is on off mood will be applied to the area for 20 s before injection. This steps will be done once for buccal side and once for palatal side.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no further information</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Bahman Seraj</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Front than Iran Atomic Energy Organization , Northern Amirabad ,Pediatric ward of Dentistry school of Tehran university of medical science</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>1439955991</zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 8801 5950</telephone>
        <email>serajbah@tums.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Bahman Seraj</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Front than Iran Atomic Energy Organization , Northern Amirabad ,Pediatric ward, Dentistry school of Tehran university of medical science</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>1439955991</zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 8801 5950</telephone>
        <email>serajbah@tums.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Age between 5 to 9 years old
Frankel's Behavioral Rating Scale  3 or 4
SSC or Extraction treatment is required
No psychological problem
No pain or infection history in the intended tooth
No use of pain killers at least 24 h before treatment</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>5 years</agemin>
      <agemax>9 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Inappropriate cooperation
Systematic disease
Lesion in the intended tooth
Parents disagreement</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Behavior</i_code>
      <i_code>Behavior</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: In referral session patients history will be taken and intervention's goal will be explained to parents then an informed consent will be taken.First,20% benzocaine  local anesthetic gel(Brand: pahl) will be applied to the subjected area.Right after, Denlase's low level laser (wave length 810 nm, by hand piece therapy( 0/78 cross section) 200 mW power, 20 s Radiation time,5j/cm2 density of energy) will be applied to the area for 20 s before injection. This steps will be done once for buccal side and once for palatal side.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: In referral session patients history will be taken and intervention's goal will be explained to parents then an informed consent will be taken.First,20% benzocaine  local anesthetic gel(Brand: pahl) will be applied to the subjected area.Right after, Denlase's low level laser, wich is on off mood will be applied to the area for 20 s before injection. This steps will be done once for buccal side and once for palatal side.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The pain experienced by 100 mm Visual analogue scale( 100mmVAS ). Timepoint: The pain experienced is measured right after the injection . Method of measurement: The pain experienced is measured by 100mmVAS scale.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Child's behavior by Modified behavioral pain scale (MBPS). Timepoint: Child's behavior is measured during local anesthetic solution injection. Method of measurement: Modified behavioral pain scale (MBPS).</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Pain reduction injection. Timepoint: Right after the intervention. Method of measurement: By 100mm VAS.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2018-07-11</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics committee of dental school of Tehran university of medical science</contact_name>
        <contact_address>North Amirabad street, front than Iran atomic energy organization .Dental school of Tehran university of medical science,Tehran Tehran Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
