<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20220928056051N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2022-10-04</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Comparing the effect of Empagliflozin with Pioglitazone  on nonalcoholic fatty liver</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparing the effect of Empagliflozin with Pioglitazone  on nonalcoholic fatty liver in diabetic type 2 patients treated with metformin</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2022-07-14</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>60</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/66148</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Patients will be divided into two groups using the block randomization method based on generated numbers by Random allocation software. Thus, in this software, first, the number of groups and the total determined sample size will be entered, and then in the block section, the Block randomization method will be implemented. According to the total sample size (60 patients), 15 blocks of 4 will be used. Patients will be allocated to intervention groups based on generated numbers.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: In group one, patients will receive 30 mg pioglitazone daily in addition to the standard treatment (metformin) for 6 months. Intervention 2: Intervention group: in group two, patients will receive 10 mg empagliflozin daily in addition to the standard treatment (metformin) for 6 months.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>No - There is not a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is Confidentiality of patient information</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Laya Hooshmand</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Ershad Ave., Modarress Blvd., Imam Khomeini hospital., Urmia., Iran.</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>57157-89397</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3245 7286</telephone>
        <email>hooshmand.l@umsu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Laya Hooshmand</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Ershad Ave., Modarress Blvd., Imam Khomeini hospital., Urmia., Iran.</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>57157-89397</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3345 7286</telephone>
        <email>hooshmand.l@umsu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Age between 20 to 75 years
Type 2 diabetes
A hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) between 7 and 10
Body mass index (BMI) between 20 to 40 kg/m2
Treated with metformin for at least three months with a minimum dose of 1500 mg daily
َAt least grade 1 of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>20 years</agemin>
      <agemax>75 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Patients receiving drugs that stimulate insulin secretion, or insulin
Type 1 diabetes
Patients treated with diabetes drugs including sitagliptin and liraglutide
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) less than 30
Uncontrolled or aggravated heart disease (class 3 and 4)
Liver diseases including autoimmune hepatitis and viral hepatitis
Alcohol consumption of more than 140 cc for women and 250 cc for men per week
Pregnancy
breastfeeding
History of recurrent urinary tract infection
Bladder Cancer</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>K76.0</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Fatty (change of) liver, not elsewhere classified</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: In group one, patients will receive 30 mg pioglitazone daily in addition to the standard treatment (metformin) for 6 months.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: in group two, patients will receive 10 mg empagliflozin daily in addition to the standard treatment (metformin) for 6 months.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Liver steatosis score. Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Fibroscan.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Alanine transaminase (ALT). Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: blood sample.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Aspartate transaminase (AST). Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: blood sample.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Alkaline phosphatase (ALKP). Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: blood sample.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>HbA۱c. Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Cholesterol. Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>High-density lipoprotein (HDL). Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Triglyceride. Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Serum creatinine. Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Based on the formula.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Serum insulin. Timepoint: Before and 6 months after the intervention. Method of measurement: Blood sample.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2022-07-13</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Resalat Ave, Jahad Blvd., Urmia, Iran. Urmia West Azarbaijan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
