<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20230516058204N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2023-08-05</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Shahre-kord University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The effect of ephedrine and hydroxyethyl starch in the prevention of hypotension</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Prophylactic administration of ephedrine and hydroxyethyl starch before spinal anesthesia to prevent hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean section</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2023-07-11</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>120</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/70853</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: In order to randomly assign patients in the groups under investigation, the permutation block method will be used.
The sample size in each block will be equal to 8, and the randomization list will be prepared by the Random Allocation software and will be given to a person who does not know the intervention content of the groups, Blinding description: Since the study is a double-blind study, the participants and the statistical consultant will not know which of the study groups the participants are in.</study_design>
      <phase>2-3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Low blood pressure.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: The first intervention group: immediately after spinal anesthesia, they will receive 10 mg intravenous bolus of ephedrine. Intervention 2: The second intervention group: just before spinal anesthesia, they will receive 500 ml of hydroxyethyl starch. Intervention 3: The third intervention group: before spinal anesthesia, they will receive 500 ml of hydroxyethyl starch and immediately after spinal anesthesia, they will receive 10 mg of ephedrine intravenous bolus. Intervention 4: Control group: They will receive 500 ml of Ringer lactate infusion just before spinal anesthesia.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Yes - There is a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>What will be shared:
Main outcome information

When:
The access period starts 6 months after the results are published

To whom:
Only for researchers working in academic and scientific institutes

Conditions:
to be used in future studies

Where to obtain:
Zahra Heidari
dr_zahra_heidari@yahoo.com

How to obtain:
Presenting documents of working in academic and scientific institutions

Comments:
</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Zahra Heidari</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>No. 16, 1 alley, Kashani Blvd.</address>
        <city>Shahrekord</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>8815713564</zip>
        <telephone>+98 38 3339 8456</telephone>
        <email>dr_zahra_heidari@skums.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Shahre-kord University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Zahra Heidari</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>No. 16, 1 alley, Kashani Blvd.</address>
        <city>Shahrekord</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>8815713564</zip>
        <telephone>+98 38 3339 8456</telephone>
        <email>dr_zahra_heidari@skums.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Shahre-kord University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Having an ASA Class I, II term pregnancy (American Society of Anesthesiologists)
Participants in the study should refer electively for caesarean section
Consent to participate in the study
Absence of any underlying disease
Absence of contraindications for spinal anesthesia</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>15 years</agemin>
      <agemax>50 years</agemax>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Presence of one of the diseases associated with pregnancy, such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, fetal problems, and bleeding in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Allergy to ephedrine and hydroxyethyl starch or similar drugs
BMI higher than 30
Gestational age less than 37 weeks
Known hypertension
Known heart or lung disease
Known liver or kidney disease
Addiction to amphetamine, cocaine and LSD</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>O82.9</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Delivery by caesarean section, unspecified</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Placebo</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>The first intervention group: immediately after spinal anesthesia, they will receive 10 mg intravenous bolus of ephedrine.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>The second intervention group: just before spinal anesthesia, they will receive 500 ml of hydroxyethyl starch.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>The third intervention group: before spinal anesthesia, they will receive 500 ml of hydroxyethyl starch and immediately after spinal anesthesia, they will receive 10 mg of ephedrine intravenous bolus.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: They will receive 500 ml of Ringer lactate infusion just before spinal anesthesia.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Blood pressure drop. Timepoint: During the operation. Method of measurement: By using the monitoring device.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Shahre-kord University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2023-02-08</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics committee of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>No. 16, 1 alley, Kashani Blvd. Shahrekord Chahar-Mahal-va-Bakhtiari Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
