<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20230822059225N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2023-08-26</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>CMH Gujranwala</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>ESP VERSUS INTERCOSTAL NERVE BLOCK FOR PAIN IN RIB FRACTURES</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>INTERCOSTAL NERVE BLOCK (INB) VERSUS ERECTOR SPINAE BLOCK (ESP) FOR ANALGESIC EFFICACY IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC MULTIPLE RIB FRACTURES</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2023-04-01</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>380</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/72215</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Minimum sample size came out to be 365 patients after using the WHO calculator keeping the confidence interval at 95%, margin of error at 5%. We included 380 patients in our study according to the inclusion criteria furnished. The method of randomization was non-probability consecutive after lottery method into Group E for ESP block and Group I for Intercostal nerve block intervention (190 patients in each group). Patients were randomly selected through lottery method by chits given to the resident on duty in the operating room and patients designated to each intervention were documented and recorded on an excel sheet for data record.</study_design>
      <phase>1-2</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Rib fracture.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Group E: Erector spinae block group.Patients in Group E received intravenous 0.5% bupivacaine with 2% lignocaine diluted in distilled water to make a total volume of 20 ml given according to block guidelines under ultrasound guidance furnished by NYSORA. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Group I: Intercostal nerve block group.Patients in Group I received the similar titration of drug as 3 ml aliquots in each intercostal space under ultrasound guidance according to block guidelines furnished by NYSORA.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Yes - There is a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>What will be shared:
Article manuscript, data set and output SPSS sheets after approval of article by journal

When:
After approval of the manuscript by the journal, data will be available online indefinitely

To whom:
All academic institutions including residents and consultants for their academic purposes

Conditions:
For academic purposes

Where to obtain:
Through email after approval from the primary author
Dr. Taimur Azam Afridi
Email: taimurazamafridi@yahoo.com

How to obtain:
Request through email to be approved by primary author
Email already provided
Usual scrutiny time from contact through email to grant of permission is approximately 7 days

Comments:
</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Taimur Afridi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>CMH Gujranwala</address>
        <city>Gujranwala</city>
        <country1>Pakistan</country1>
        <zip>52250</zip>
        <telephone>+92 346 5051728</telephone>
        <email>taimurazamafridi@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Combined Military Hospital Gujranwala</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Taimur Afridi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>CMH Gujranwala</address>
        <city>Gujranwala</city>
        <country1>Pakistan</country1>
        <zip>52250</zip>
        <telephone>+92 346 5051728</telephone>
        <email>taimurazamafridi@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Combined Military Hospital Gujranwala</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Pakistan</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Included all male and female patients between ages 25-55 years presenting in the operating room for pain relief with regional block with multiple rib fractures (&gt;2 ribs)
Not requiring surgical intervention for repair
Under observation in the high dependency unit</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>25 years</agemin>
      <agemax>55 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Patients with metastatic disease
Major cardiac or respiratory disease, low ejection fraction or post chemotherapy
Allergy to lignocaine or bupivacaine
Patients with advanced polytrauma causing hemodynamic instability
Patients with oxygen saturation less than 92% after supplemental oxygen
Patients with flail chest or pneumothorax
Patients unwilling to be included in the study</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>S22.4</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Multiple fractures of ribs</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Group E: Erector spinae block group.Patients in Group E received intravenous 0.5% bupivacaine with 2% lignocaine diluted in distilled water to make a total volume of 20 ml given according to block guidelines under ultrasound guidance furnished by NYSORA</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Group I: Intercostal nerve block group.Patients in Group I received the similar titration of drug as 3 ml aliquots in each intercostal space under ultrasound guidance according to block guidelines furnished by NYSORA</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Time to first dose of rescue analgesia. Timepoint: 24 hours after intervention. Method of measurement: Pain score above 5 on the standard visual analog scale.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Total dose of analgesia given. Timepoint: In 24 hours after intervention. Method of measurement: Dose charting of intravenous nalbuphine once pain scores above 5 after intervention.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Patient satisfaction. Timepoint: 24 hours after intervention. Method of measurement: Standard 7 point Likert scale.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Nausea/Vomiting. Timepoint: In 24 hours after intervention. Method of measurement: Frequency of episodes by the resident anesthetist on duty in HDU.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Hypotension. Timepoint: In 24 hours after intervention. Method of measurement: Systolic BP &lt;80 and Diastolic &lt;60 mmHg monitored and charted hourly.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Post-procedure sedation. Timepoint: In 24 hours after intervention. Method of measurement: Digital sphygmomanometer.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>CMH Gujranwala</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2023-03-01</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethical Review Board CMH Gujranwala</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Gujranwala Cantt Gujranwala Punjab Pakistan</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
