<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20241029063534N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2025-03-20</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Investigating the effect of the smell of  Rosa damascena on suction pain in infants</public_title>
      <acronym>ندارد</acronym>
      <scientific_title>The effect of aromatherapy with Rosa damascena on pain during airway suctioning of infants admitted to neonatal intensive care</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2025-03-21</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>62</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/80299</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Prevention, Randomization description: Eligible infants  will be selected and then through a simple random method  divided into two equal groups. A table of numbers from 1 to 62 will be prepared, with the intervention group labeled as A and  the control group as C .Thirty one papers marked with the letter A and thirty one papers marked with the letter C will be placed in an envelope. For each number in the table, one paper will be drawn from the envelop until the last number is reached. This process ensures randomization, Blinding description: In this study, each infant will be assigned to  one of two groups (intervention or control )  based on a randomization table.
During the suctioning process a video will be recorded of the infant using a Samsung mobile phone.
The pain score is evaluated based on the pain criterion in the newborns in both groups before, during, and 2 minutes after the suction based on the video taken by the research colleague who does not know about the groups (outcome assessor).</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Pain during airway suctioning in infants.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: 31 infant in this group, from 3 minutes before the beginning of suction to 2 minutes after the end of suction, the airways were under aromatherapy with 2 drops of 10% rosehip essential oil made by Ide Daru Pars Company, which was poured on a cotton ball and a distance of 3 cm from the infant's nose.                                                                                                        In both groups, the infant is placed in a lying position on the back and the head is placed in a non-rotating position.   In both groups, due to the  presence of secretions in the babies receiving CPAP with a nasopharyngeal tube, the oropharynx area will be suctioned once and then the nasopharynx area once, and during suctioning, the baby will be filmed using a Samsung mobile phone. Suction will be done using a 6 or 8 french catheter and the pressure of the device will be less than 80 mmHg. The suction time will be less than 6 seconds. Intervention 2: Control group: Infants were exposed 2 drops of sterile  distilled water from a 5 ml vial (produced by Shahid Ghazi Pharmaceutical Company), poured onto a cotton pad and placed 3 cm away from the  infant 's nose, from 3 minutes before until 2 minutes after the completion of suctioning.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>No - There is not a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is There is no further information.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Saeede Karamshahi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>SHahid Dadalhi Alley-Aliabad Sazeman</address>
        <city>Jiroft</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>7861410043</zip>
        <telephone>9834436336</telephone>
        <email>saeedekaramshahi@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Saeede Karamshahi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>SHahid Dadalhi Alley-Ali Abad Sazeman</address>
        <city>Jiroft</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>7861410043</zip>
        <telephone>034436336</telephone>
        <email>saeedekaramshahi@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>mother's consent for the newborn to participate in the research
Newborns on respiratory support with a non-invasive method with a nasopharyngeal tube (NCPAP) with a gestational age of 27 to 37 weeks
Confirmation of the absence of olfactory problems in the newborn by a specialist doctor
no systemic disease or early anomalies. 
Having an Apgar score higher than and equal to 7 at the time of birth,
Birth weight above 1000 grams
The baby being calm and awake
Not taking acetaminophen or any other painkillers. 4 hours before the suction procedure
The temperature is between 36 and 37.5
The absence of hypoglycemia
The absence of previous painful interventions such as circumcision, vein ligation</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>1 day</agemin>
      <agemax>28 days</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Infants with congenital anomalies and diseases
Infants who do not have stable vital signs</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>N/A</i_code>
      <i_code>N/A</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: 31 infant in this group, from 3 minutes before the beginning of suction to 2 minutes after the end of suction, the airways were under aromatherapy with 2 drops of 10% rosehip essential oil made by Ide Daru Pars Company, which was poured on a cotton ball and a distance of 3 cm from the infant's nose.                                                                                                        In both groups, the infant is placed in a lying position on the back and the head is placed in a non-rotating position.   In both groups, due to the  presence of secretions in the babies receiving CPAP with a nasopharyngeal tube, the oropharynx area will be suctioned once and then the nasopharynx area once, and during suctioning, the baby will be filmed using a Samsung mobile phone. Suction will be done using a 6 or 8 french catheter and the pressure of the device will be less than 80 mmHg. The suction time will be less than 6 seconds.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Infants were exposed 2 drops of sterile  distilled water from a 5 ml vial (produced by Shahid Ghazi Pharmaceutical Company), poured onto a cotton pad and placed 3 cm away from the  infant 's nose, from 3 minutes before until 2 minutes after the completion of suctioning.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Suction pain. Timepoint: 3 minutes before suction and during and 2 minutes after suction. Method of measurement: Neonatal Infant Pain Scale.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The neonatal's heart rate. Timepoint: Three minutes before the start of suction and during and two minutes after suction. Method of measurement: Pulse oximetry.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Blood oxygen saturation percentage. Timepoint: Three minutes before the start of suction and during and two minutes after suction. Method of measurement: Pulse oximetry.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2024-10-09</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Vice-Chancellor of Research and Technology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences-Student Blvd-Imam Hossein Square -Yazd Yazd Yazd Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
