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IRCT20190908044722N9 IRCT 2025-02-21 Urmia University Comparing the Effects of PETTLEP Imagery and Mindfulness Interventions on Passing and Goal-Kicking Performance in Male Novice Soccer Players (Ages 10–14): A Randomized Controlled Study Comparing the Effects of PETTLEP Imagery and Mindfulness Interventions on Passing and Goal-Kicking Performance in Male Novice Soccer Players (Ages 10–14): A Randomized Controlled Study 2025-01-20 anticipated 54 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/81858 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Other, Purpose: Education/Guidance, Randomization description: Randomization was conducted using a sequence of computer-generated random numbers. These numbers were sequentially assigned to tickets, which were then placed into a ballot box. An independent researcher, uninvolved in other aspects of the study, performed the allocation by drawing tickets at random from the box. Each ticket was discarded immediately after selection to maintain the integrity of the process. N/A PETTLEP Imagery and Mindfulness Interventions in Male Novice Soccer Players. Intervention 1: Intervention group: PETTLEP Imagery : All the players were asked to take a deep breath and relax and practice imagery practices (without ball) at the field, and they were also asked to perform the actual physical practices (with ball) as suggested in the PETTLEP Imagery program .The protocol for the intervention was adapted from Hossini's study (24) Ismail’s study (25) and implemented with imagery scripts developed by a sports psychologist. Participants performed the imagery exercises on a soccer field while wearing soccer uniforms, with a ball placed in front of their feet to simulate the competitive environment. They read the imagery scripts aloud, which included statements such as, "I imagine myself passing the ball from an internal perspective." The imagery exercises were performed in real-time, incorporating physiological responses and performance-related feelings (task). Participants were instructed to verbalize affirmations, such as, "I feel like I’m performing flawlessly," and to imagine their teammates praising them as the best passer on the team (emotions). Intervention 2: Intervention group: Mindfulness –Based Intervention (MBI):. The protocol was divided into two components: mindful breathing and body scanning. During mindful breathing practice, participants focused their attention on the physical sensations of breathing. When their minds wandered, they were guided to notice the thoughts without judgment, allow them to pass, and gently return their focus to their breath. In this study, the mindful breathing practice was included at the beginning and end of a 10-minute audio recording, with prompts such as "Focus on your body and pay attention to your breathing" and "Take a deep, slow breath—inhale and exhale." The body scanning meditation involved directing attention to physical sensations in the body to enhance awareness and acceptance of one’s physical state. Yes - There is a plan to make this available What will be shared: The analysis of information obtained from the results of the interventions on on Passing and Goal-Kicking Performance can be published When: From the time the article was published until a year later To whom: All researchers Conditions: Provided Someone wants to do a similar research project Where to obtain: r.khanmohamadi65@yahoo.com How to obtain: Send request by email Comments:
public Razieh Khanmohammadi
Urmia University, Kilometer 11 of Cypress Road, Urmia, West Azarbaijan Province
Urmia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 5756151818 43-32752741-044 r.khanmohamadi65@yahoo.com Urmia University scientific Razieh Khanmohammadi
Urmia University, Kilometer 11 of Cypress Road, Urmia, West Azarbaijan Province
Urmia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 5756151818 43-32752741-044 r.khanmohamdi@urmia.ac.ir Urmia University Iran (Islamic Republic of) male novice football players, defined as those who (a) had not participated in regular and scheduled football activities during the current year, (b) were not registered with the Iranian Football Association, and (c) did not hold a junior football license from the same association; aged between 10 and 14 years moderate scores on the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised 10 years 14 years Male Players with visual impairments not meeting the normal vision standard as confirmed by the Snellen chart test. Players with known neuromuscular, motor, or sensory disorders. Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Intervention group: PETTLEP Imagery : All the players were asked to take a deep breath and relax and practice imagery practices (without ball) at the field, and they were also asked to perform the actual physical practices (with ball) as suggested in the PETTLEP Imagery program .The protocol for the intervention was adapted from Hossini's study (24) Ismail’s study (25) and implemented with imagery scripts developed by a sports psychologist. Participants performed the imagery exercises on a soccer field while wearing soccer uniforms, with a ball placed in front of their feet to simulate the competitive environment. They read the imagery scripts aloud, which included statements such as, "I imagine myself passing the ball from an internal perspective." The imagery exercises were performed in real-time, incorporating physiological responses and performance-related feelings (task). Participants were instructed to verbalize affirmations, such as, "I feel like I’m performing flawlessly," and to imagine their teammates praising them as the best passer on the team (emotions). Intervention group: Mindfulness –Based Intervention (MBI):. The protocol was divided into two components: mindful breathing and body scanning. During mindful breathing practice, participants focused their attention on the physical sensations of breathing. When their minds wandered, they were guided to notice the thoughts without judgment, allow them to pass, and gently return their focus to their breath. In this study, the mindful breathing practice was included at the beginning and end of a 10-minute audio recording, with prompts such as "Focus on your body and pay attention to your breathing" and "Take a deep, slow breath—inhale and exhale." The body scanning meditation involved directing attention to physical sensations in the body to enhance awareness and acceptance of one’s physical state Football Goal-Kicking Skills Performance Assessment (Static). Timepoint: before and after intervention. Method of measurement: The Mor-Christian Football goal-kicking Test (23) is a widely used assessment for evaluating kicking ability in football, particularly focusing on accuracy. While it effectively measures the precision of kicks, especially for football attackers, it does not assess kicking power or speed—both critical elements of kicking performance. Speed, in particular, plays a vital role in determining scoring potential and overall performance, yet this test is limited to evaluating accuracy alone. Football Passing Skills. Timepoint: before and after intervention. Method of measurement: The football passing skill was assessed using the Mor and Christian test (1979). Participants performed passes from three distinct positions, each approximately 13.71 meters away from the target. The target consisted of two cones, each about 45.72 cm in height. An overall score was calculated as the mean of 12 attempts (4 trials from each position). Urmia University Approved 2025-01-07 Ethics Committee of Urmia University Urmia University, Kilometer 11 of Cypress Road, Urmia, West Azarbaijan Province Urmia West Azarbaijan Iran (Islamic Republic of)