IRCT20211211053351N4 IRCT 2025-06-12 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Study of light and sound stimuli on pain in newborns Studying the effect of light and sound stimulus modulation on pain caused by venous blood sampling in premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. 2025-07-01 anticipated 90 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/83862 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Other design features: , Randomization description: In this study, the block randomization method was utilized for allocating samples to two groups. To generate the random sequences, we used the website http://www.graphpad.com/quickcalcs/index.cfm. We employed six types of four-pair blocks as follows: AABB (1), ABAB (2), ABBA (3), BBAA (4), BABA (5), and BAAB (6). Thus, the allocation of samples to the two groups was carried out using the block randomization method, which helps enhance balance and reduce bias in the selection of samples. N/A Acute pain. Intervention 1: Intervention group: To adjust the sound stimulus, an earmuff will be placed on the infant 15 minutes before the procedure and will remain on for 15 minutes after the procedure. Intervention 2: Intervention group: To adjust the sound stimulus, an earmuff will be placed on the infant's eye 15 minutes before the procedure and will remain on for 15 minutes after the procedure. Intervention 3: Control group: First, the injection site will be identified, cleaned with alcohol, and the catheter will be inserted. Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is No further information.