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IRCT20250529065966N1 IRCT 2025-07-26 Islamic Azad University The effect of cognitive behavioral group therapy on early maladaptive schemas, functional flexibility, distress tolerance, and self-differentiation in women. Studying the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy on early maladaptive schemas, functional flexibility, distress tolerance, and self-differentiation of women undergoing drug treatment 2025-07-31 anticipated 40 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/84437 interventional Randomization: Not randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Single, Purpose: Prevention, Blinding description: The control group will not receive any intervention during the research, but to prevent factors that threaten the internal validity of the research, such as compensatory competition in the control group or demoralization, they will be assured that they will receive problem-solving skills training in the next round (after data collection). N/A Multiple sclerosis. Intervention 1: Type of intervention: In addition to receiving standard medication for multiple sclerosis (as prescribed by a specialist), this group participates in 12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBT). Sessions are held weekly, each session lasting 90 minutes, at the counseling center. The intervention includes identifying and modifying early maladaptive schemas, training in functional flexibility, distress tolerance, and self-differentiation skills. Sessions are conducted by an experienced clinical psychologist trained in cognitive-behavioral therapy in groups (6 to 10 people per group). Intervention 2: Control group: The comparison group includes women undergoing drug treatment for multiple sclerosis in Ahvaz who receive the intervention (receiving standard drug treatment and not receiving cognitive behavioral group therapy). Also, there will be no intervention for the control group. However, to prevent threats to the internal validity of the test, the intervention will be implemented for them after the end of the study. After completing the training period, both the experimental and control groups (40 people) will be re-assessed by questionnaires that measure the dependent variables (early maladaptive schemas, functional flexibility, distress tolerance, self-differentiation) as a post-test, and finally, after one month of the post-test, both groups will be re-assessed. Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch
public Sasan Bavi
Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Branch، Farhangshahr، Golestan Highway
Ahvaz Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6134937333 +98 61 3332 9200 sasanbavi@gmail.com Islamic Azad University scientific Sasan Bavi
Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Branch، Farhangshahr، Golestan Highway
Ahvaz Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6134937333 +98 61 3332 9200 sasanbavi@gmail.com Islamic Azad University Iran (Islamic Republic of) Age range 20 to 40 years for women with MS Definitive diagnosis of MS by a specialist doctor Signing a written consent form to participate in the research and adhere to treatment Minimum education: Diploma 20 years 40 years Female Attending other psychotherapy sessions at least one month before the study Substance use and lack of psychotic symptoms and a history of brain diseases such as brain tumors G35 Multiple sclerosis N/A N/A Type of intervention: In addition to receiving standard medication for multiple sclerosis (as prescribed by a specialist), this group participates in 12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBT). Sessions are held weekly, each session lasting 90 minutes, at the counseling center. The intervention includes identifying and modifying early maladaptive schemas, training in functional flexibility, distress tolerance, and self-differentiation skills. Sessions are conducted by an experienced clinical psychologist trained in cognitive-behavioral therapy in groups (6 to 10 people per group). Control group: The comparison group includes women undergoing drug treatment for multiple sclerosis in Ahvaz who receive the intervention (receiving standard drug treatment and not receiving cognitive behavioral group therapy). Also, there will be no intervention for the control group. However, to prevent threats to the internal validity of the test, the intervention will be implemented for them after the end of the study. After completing the training period, both the experimental and control groups (40 people) will be re-assessed by questionnaires that measure the dependent variables (early maladaptive schemas, functional flexibility, distress tolerance, self-differentiation) as a post-test, and finally, after one month of the post-test, both groups will be re-assessed. Early maladaptive schemas: Deep, dysfunctional thought patterns and beliefs that are formed early in life and can cause psychological problems. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study (before the intervention) and after about a month and a half of receiving the cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. Method of measurement: Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire. Functional flexibility: A person's ability to adapt their behaviors and attitudes to different situations and changing circumstances. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study (before the intervention) and after about a month and a half of receiving the cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. Method of measurement: Functional Flexibility Questionnaire: Connor and Davidson (2003). At the beginning of the study (before the intervention) and after about a month and a half of receiving the cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study (before the intervention) and after about a month and a half of receiving the cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. Method of measurement: Distress Tolerance Questionnaire: Simmons and Gahr (2005). Self-differentiation: The ability of an individual to maintain their identity and independence in close relationships, without losing connection and intimacy. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study (before the intervention) and after about a month and a half of receiving the cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. Method of measurement: Skowron and Friedlander Differentiation Questionnaire:. Islamic Azad University Approved 2024-12-24 Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch Golestan Highway - Farhang City - Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Unit AHWAZ Khouzestan Iran (Islamic Republic of)