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IRCT20130812014333N259 IRCT 2025-08-01 Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch Investigating the effect of incentive spirometry and breathing exercises on pulmonary complications Investigating the effect of incentive spirometry and breathing exercises on pulmonary complications and the duration of hospitalization of patients undergoing coronary heart transplant surgery 2025-07-06 anticipated 66 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/84561 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Using the simple random method. The names of the participants are written on the card. The cards are put into a box that cannot be seen from outside. One of the colleagues of the plan is asked to remove one card from the container at a time. The names of the 22 cards that are selected first are placed in the first intervention group, the second 22 selected cards are placed in the first control group, and the remaining 22 in the second control group. N/A Coronary Artery Bypass surgery. Intervention 1: In the first intervention group, incentive spirometry and breathing exercises will be performed two days before surgery and after surgery until admission to the ICU. Incentive spirometry will be performed in the form of 10 deep breaths every two hours, in the morning and evening shifts (12 hours) in a sitting or semi-sitting position. After completing inhalation, the patient holds their breath for 3 to 5 seconds and then, by removing the device, exhales slowly through the mouth. Deep breathing exercises include deep inhalation, effective coughing, and diaphragmatic breathing. To cough effectively, the patient coughs five times with maximum strength every hour while awake and rests for 30 seconds after each cough. Intervention 2: In the second intervention group, it will be performed only after the operation until the time of hospitalization in the ICU. It will be performed according to a regular schedule. Incentive spirometry will be performed in the form of 10 deep breaths every two hours, in the morning and evening shifts (12 hours) in a sitting or semi-sitting position. After completing inhalation, the patient holds their breath for 3 to 5 seconds and then, by removing the device, exhales slowly through the mouth. Deep breathing exercises include deep inhalation, effective coughing, and diaphragmatic breathing. To cough effectively, the patient coughs five times with maximum strength every hour while awake and rests for 30 seconds after each cough. Intervention 3: In the control group, no intervention will be performed and patients are cared for regularly according to the ward's routine schedule. No - There is not a plan to make this available Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is There is no further information
public Sina Omidifar
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University Blvd., Arghwanieh, J Sharghi Street
Isfahan Iran (Islamic Republic of) 8155139998 +98 31 3535 4001 sinaomidifar98@gmail.com Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch scientific Dr. Marziyeh Ziaeirad
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University Blvd., Arghwanieh, J Sharghi Street
Isfahan Iran (Islamic Republic of) 8155139998 +98 31 3535 4001 M.ziaeirad@yahoo.com Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan branch Iran (Islamic Republic of) Informed consent Over 18 years old Mechanical ventilation less than 24 hours after surgery Ability to perform breathing exercises and use incentive spirometry 18 years no limit Both History of neuromuscular and cognitive disorders History of preoperative pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, severe chest infection, and pulmonary tuberculosis Z95.1 Presence of aortocoronary bypass graft Treatment - Other Treatment - Other Treatment - Other In the first intervention group, incentive spirometry and breathing exercises will be performed two days before surgery and after surgery until admission to the ICU. Incentive spirometry will be performed in the form of 10 deep breaths every two hours, in the morning and evening shifts (12 hours) in a sitting or semi-sitting position. After completing inhalation, the patient holds their breath for 3 to 5 seconds and then, by removing the device, exhales slowly through the mouth. Deep breathing exercises include deep inhalation, effective coughing, and diaphragmatic breathing. To cough effectively, the patient coughs five times with maximum strength every hour while awake and rests for 30 seconds after each cough. In the second intervention group, it will be performed only after the operation until the time of hospitalization in the ICU. It will be performed according to a regular schedule. Incentive spirometry will be performed in the form of 10 deep breaths every two hours, in the morning and evening shifts (12 hours) in a sitting or semi-sitting position. After completing inhalation, the patient holds their breath for 3 to 5 seconds and then, by removing the device, exhales slowly through the mouth. Deep breathing exercises include deep inhalation, effective coughing, and diaphragmatic breathing. To cough effectively, the patient coughs five times with maximum strength every hour while awake and rests for 30 seconds after each cough. In the control group, no intervention will be performed and patients are cared for regularly according to the ward's routine schedule. Duration of hospitalization. Timepoint: From the time of hospitalization to the day of discharge. Method of measurement: Atelectasis. Atelectasis. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Using radiography. Pleural effusion. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Using radiography. Pneumonia. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Using radiography. Pneumothorax. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study and after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Using radiography. Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch Approved 2024-11-19 Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan branch Vice Chancellor for Research Affairs, University Blvd., Arghwanieh, J Sharghi Street Esfahan Isfehan Iran (Islamic Republic of)