<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20250703066351N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2025-08-21</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Islamic Azad University</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation training on academic self-efficacy of students with learning disabilities</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation training on academic self-efficacy of students with learning disabilities</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2025-09-10</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>50</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/84630</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Education/Guidance, Randomization description: Participants are randomly assigned to two groups (intervention and control) using the RAND function in Excel software or a random number table, Blinding description: In this study, participating students with learning disabilities will be unaware of whether they are receiving cognitive rehabilitation training. This blinding ensures that students' expectations do not influence their assessment of academic self-efficacy and that the results will be more accurate.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Specific Learning Disorder - SLD.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention title: Cognitive rehabilitation training, Intervention goal: Increasing the academic self-efficacy of students with specific learning disabilities by strengthening basic cognitive functions (attention, working memory, planning, organization, and problem solving). Intervention specifications: Number of sessions: 10 sessions Duration of each session: 45 to 60 minutes Frequency of sessions: 2 sessions per week (total of 5 weeks) Venue: School counseling room or Ahvaz Learning Rehabilitation Center Implementation method: Group (4 to 6 people) or individual depending on the conditions. Intervention 2: Control group: Students in this group do not receive any cognitive rehabilitation intervention during the study period and only participate in pre-test and post-test assessments. After the end of the intervention period and post-test, in order to comply with ethical considerations, this group can also be given the opportunity to participate in cognitive rehabilitation training sessions. Purpose of the control group: To compare changes in academic self-efficacy in students who did not receive the intervention, in order to examine the actual effectiveness of the cognitive rehabilitation program.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is No further information available.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Parvin Ehteshamzadeh</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Branch، Farhangshahr، Golestan Highway</address>
        <city>Ahvaz</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3733361349</zip>
        <telephone>+98 61 3334 0292</telephone>
        <email>p_ehtesham85@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Islamic Azad University</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Parvin Ehteshamzadeh</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Branch، Farhangshahr، Golestan Highway</address>
        <city>Ahvaz</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3733361349</zip>
        <telephone>+98 61 3334 0292</telephone>
        <email>p_ehtesham85@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Islamic Azad University</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Students in grades four to six of elementary school
Having a learning disability
Low score on the academic self-efficacy scale
Written consent from parents and students to participate in the research
Willingness to participate in all intervention sessions and research assessments</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>6 years</agemin>
      <agemax>20 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Concomitant receipt of other similar psychological interventions (e.g., CBT, other cognitive rehabilitation) within the past 6 months.
The presence of severe comorbid psychiatric disorders (such as severe ADHD, severe depression, or anxiety) that require immediate specialist intervention.
Having a chronic physical or neurological condition (such as active epilepsy, uncorrected vision or hearing problems) that prevents participation in training sessions
Simultaneous participation in other similar interventional studies</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>F81</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>N/A</i_code>
      <i_code>N/A</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention title: Cognitive rehabilitation training, Intervention goal: Increasing the academic self-efficacy of students with specific learning disabilities by strengthening basic cognitive functions (attention, working memory, planning, organization, and problem solving). Intervention specifications: Number of sessions: 10 sessions Duration of each session: 45 to 60 minutes Frequency of sessions: 2 sessions per week (total of 5 weeks) Venue: School counseling room or Ahvaz Learning Rehabilitation Center Implementation method: Group (4 to 6 people) or individual depending on the conditions.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Students in this group do not receive any cognitive rehabilitation intervention during the study period and only participate in pre-test and post-test assessments. After the end of the intervention period and post-test, in order to comply with ethical considerations, this group can also be given the opportunity to participate in cognitive rehabilitation training sessions. Purpose of the control group: To compare changes in academic self-efficacy in students who did not receive the intervention, in order to examine the actual effectiveness of the cognitive rehabilitation program.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Academic Self-Efficacy. Timepoint: Before the start of the intervention (first session) and immediately after the end of the intervention period (last session). Method of measurement: The Morgan &amp; Jinks Academic Self-Efficacy Scale or a validated, localized equivalent scale.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Learning disorder. Timepoint: At the beginning of the study (before the intervention began) and two months later (when the intervention ended). Method of measurement: Academic Self-Efficacy Scale.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Islamic Azad University</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2025-04-04</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Branch، Farhangshahr، Golestan Highway Ahvaz Khouzestan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
