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IRCT20251008067546N2 IRCT 2026-08-29 University of Gilan Effect of two aerobic exercise intensities on fat taste perception and food intake in women Investigation of the impact of two aerobic exercise intensities on fat taste sensitivity, appetite, food preference and energy intake in women with different body composition 2026-09-08 anticipated 20 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/86859 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Crossover, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: This study employs a randomized crossover clinical trial design with three interventional arms and a baseline assessment phase, in which the unit of randomization is the individual participant. Following verification of eligibility criteria and obtaining signed informed consent, each participant is randomly assigned to one of six possible sequences for receiving the three interventions (namely ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA, CAB, and CBA). To ensure balanced distribution of participants across these six sequences, a balanced block randomization method is utilized. The generation of random sequences is the responsibility of an independent researcher who has no involvement in participant recruitment, intervention administration, or outcome assessment. This process is carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 software, based on computer-generated random numbers. The final allocation list remains confidential within the research team, and to conceal the allocation process, the sequence assigned to each participant is placed in opaque, light-proof, sealed, and sequentially numbered envelopes. Once the baseline assessments are completed for each individual and they are formally enrolled in the study, the envelope containing their registration number is opened by the principal investigator, revealing the order in which the interventions are to be administered for that participant. It is worth noting that prior to the opening of the envelopes, all researchers involved in recruitment, baseline evaluations, and data analysis remain blinded to the sequence assigned to each participant, Blinding description: Participants are aware of the exercise intensity they receive and cannot be blinded to the exercise intervention. However, in the C18:1 taste test, participants are blinded to the type of samples (control or containing oleic acid) and cannot identify which sample contains C18:1. N/A Over weight. Intervention 1: Intervention group: Participants in this group perform one session of low-intensity aerobic exercise on a treadmill. Exercise intensity is set at 50–55% of heart rate reserve (HRR) based on the Karvonen formula: HRtarget = HRrest + (%HRR × (HRmax − HRrest)). The exercise protocol consists of 45 minutes of treadmill walking/running at zero grade. Heart rate is continuously monitored throughout the exercise session using a Polar heart rate monitor (Model H10, made in Finland). If heart rate deviates from the target zone, treadmill speed is adjusted accordingly. Sessions are conducted at least 7 days apart. Participants are instructed to refrain from any other physical activity and maintain an overnight fast for at least 24 hours prior to each session. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Participants in this group perform one session of high-intensity aerobic exercise on a treadmill. Exercise intensity is set at 70–75% of heart rate reserve (HRR) based on the Karvonen formula: HRtarget = HRrest + (%HRR × (HRmax − HRrest)). The exercise protocol consists of 30 minutes of treadmill walking/running (plus 5 minutes of warm-up and 5 minutes of cool-down) at zero grade. Heart rate is continuously monitored throughout the exercise session using a Polar heart rate monitor (Model H10, made in Finland). If heart rate deviates from the target zone, treadmill speed is adjusted accordingly. Sessions are conducted at least 7 days apart. Participants are instructed to refrain from any other physical activity and maintain an overnight fast for at least 24 hours prior to each session. Intervention 3: Control group: Participants in this group do not perform any physical exercise. They remain seated on a chair in the laboratory for 45 minutes. To prevent boredom, they are allowed to engage in quiet activities such as reading, working with a laptop, or using a mobile phone. All measurements related to fat taste sensitivity, appetite perception, food preference, and energy intake are performed within the same time frame and at identical time intervals as the two intervention groups. Participants are asked to refrain from physical activity and maintain an overnight fast for at least 24 hours prior to the control session. Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no further information available.
public Hamid Mohebbi
8th kilometer of Rasht-Qazvin Road
Rasht Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4199613776 +98 911 136 1426 mohebbi@guilan.ac.ir University of Guilan scientific Hamid Mohebbi
8th kilometer of Rasht-Qazvin Road
Rasht Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4199613776 +98 911 136 1426 mohebbi@guilan.ac.ir University of Guilan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Women aged 18 to 35years Body mass index between 18 and 30 kg per square meter Waist to hip ratio less than 0.85 18 years 35 years Female Regular physical activity in the past three months Presence of acute or chronic diseases Use of glucose-lowering, blood pressure‑lowering, lipid‑lowering, or cardiac medications Use of dietary or sports‑related supplements or medications in the past three months Tobacco and alcohol use History of bariatric surgery and weight stability in the past three months History of rhinoplasty surgery Lifestyle Lifestyle Lifestyle Intervention group: Participants in this group perform one session of low-intensity aerobic exercise on a treadmill. Exercise intensity is set at 50–55% of heart rate reserve (HRR) based on the Karvonen formula: HRtarget = HRrest + (%HRR × (HRmax − HRrest)). The exercise protocol consists of 45 minutes of treadmill walking/running at zero grade. Heart rate is continuously monitored throughout the exercise session using a Polar heart rate monitor (Model H10, made in Finland). If heart rate deviates from the target zone, treadmill speed is adjusted accordingly. Sessions are conducted at least 7 days apart. Participants are instructed to refrain from any other physical activity and maintain an overnight fast for at least 24 hours prior to each session. Intervention group: Participants in this group perform one session of high-intensity aerobic exercise on a treadmill. Exercise intensity is set at 70–75% of heart rate reserve (HRR) based on the Karvonen formula: HRtarget = HRrest + (%HRR × (HRmax − HRrest)). The exercise protocol consists of 30 minutes of treadmill walking/running (plus 5 minutes of warm-up and 5 minutes of cool-down) at zero grade. Heart rate is continuously monitored throughout the exercise session using a Polar heart rate monitor (Model H10, made in Finland). If heart rate deviates from the target zone, treadmill speed is adjusted accordingly. Sessions are conducted at least 7 days apart. Participants are instructed to refrain from any other physical activity and maintain an overnight fast for at least 24 hours prior to each session. Control group: Participants in this group do not perform any physical exercise. They remain seated on a chair in the laboratory for 45 minutes. To prevent boredom, they are allowed to engage in quiet activities such as reading, working with a laptop, or using a mobile phone. All measurements related to fat taste sensitivity, appetite perception, food preference, and energy intake are performed within the same time frame and at identical time intervals as the two intervention groups. Participants are asked to refrain from physical activity and maintain an overnight fast for at least 24 hours prior to the control session. Oral sensitivity to oleic acid (C18:1). Timepoint: Immediately after each session. Method of measurement: Three-alternative forced-choice triangle taste test using food samples containing oleic acid (C18:1) and control samples, with nose clips to eliminate olfactory cues. Fat Taste Ranking. Timepoint: Immediately after each session. Method of measurement: Presentation of 20 ml of custard samples with four different fat concentrations (0%, 2%, 6%, and 10% canola oil) in a randomized order, asking participants to rank the samples from lowest to highest perceived fat content. Appetite Perception. Timepoint: Immediately after each session. Method of measurement: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaire comprising four 100-mm questions assessing hunger, satiety, fullness, and desire to eat. Energy and Macronutrient Intake. Timepoint: Dietary intake recorded on the day of the protocol and the day before (24 hours pre- and post-intervention). Method of measurement: Self-reported food record form. Food Preference. Timepoint: Immediately after each session. Method of measurement: Presentation of a list of 18 food items with clear color images, including high-fat, medium-fat, and low-fat foods. University of Gilan Approved 2025-09-22 Ethics committee of Guilan University University Complex of Gilan, 5th Kilometer of Tehran Road, Khalij-e Fars Highway Rasht Guilan Iran (Islamic Republic of)