<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20260408069035N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2026-05-24</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>splinted knee brace after total knee replacement surgery</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Evaluation of Knee Immobilizer Use on Immediate Postoperative Clinical Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2026-05-22</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>72</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Recruiting</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/89426</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Other design features: short-term (8-day) use of a locked-hinged knee brace post-TKA, employing full blinding of outcome assessors and data analysts to mitigate bias, while assessing comprehensive functional and safety outcomes, Randomization description: Participants will be randomized using block randomization with fixed block sizes of four. The random allocation sequence will be generated by computer software, and within each block, patients will be randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B. To prevent selection bias, allocation concealment will be ensured using the SNOSE method (Sequentially Numbered, Opaque, Sealed Envelopes). The random sequence will be placed inside opaque, sequentially numbered, sealed envelopes, which will be opened only after participant enrollment, Blinding description: Following TKA surgery and patient stabilization, participants will be randomly allocated to either the intervention or control group using a randomization table and block randomization. This process will be managed by an independent party using sealed, opaque envelopes. As blinding patients and the treatment team is not feasible, only the outcome assessor and data analyst will be blinded to group allocation to minimize bias (Single-blind).</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Total Knee Arthroplasty.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Patients in this group will be placed in an extension-locked knee brace immediately after transfer to the ward. The intervention protocol includes continuous use of the brace for 8 days after surgery. To ensure adherence to the protocol, the patient will be provided with necessary training on how to properly fasten the brace, duration of use, and safety precautions. Intervention 2: Control group: Patients in this group will be placed under the Standard of Care protocol and will not use any external support or knee brace. This care includes pain management, medication protocols, initial rehabilitation, and routine physiotherapy programs.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is I will make a decision to publish after the completion of the project and according to the results</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr.Farsh.d Shafavi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Imam Khomeini University Hospital., Ershad AVE.,Modarres Blvd., Urmia., IRAN</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>5715789397</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3346 9931</telephone>
        <email>Farsh.dshafavi@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr.Farsh.d Shafavi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Imam Khomeini University Hospital., Ershad AVE.,Modarres Blvd., Urmia., IRAN</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>5715789397</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3346 9931</telephone>
        <email>Farsh.dshafavi@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis and candidacy for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) by an orthopedic surgeon
Age 50 years or older
Informed consent to participate in the study
Ability to cooperate with post-operative assessments</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>50 years</agemin>
      <agemax>no limit</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>BMI greater than 40
Presence of neuromuscular diseases affecting ambulation.
History of severe chronic illnesses (e.g., advanced heart failure, progressive neurological diseases) that impact functional outcomes
Occurrence of acute complications during or after surgery that prevent further follow-up
Patient’s unwillingness to cooperate at any stage of the study.</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>Z96.653</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Presence of artificial knee joint, bilateral</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Patients in this group will be placed in an extension-locked knee brace immediately after transfer to the ward. The intervention protocol includes continuous use of the brace for 8 days after surgery. To ensure adherence to the protocol, the patient will be provided with necessary training on how to properly fasten the brace, duration of use, and safety precautions.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Patients in this group will be placed under the Standard of Care protocol and will not use any external support or knee brace. This care includes pain management, medication protocols, initial rehabilitation, and routine physiotherapy programs.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Postoperative pain intensity based on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Timepoint: Postoperative Day 1Postoperative Day 7Postoperative Day 14. Method of measurement: Postoperative pain intensity based on the visual analog scale (VAS) (0-10).</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Knee Range of Motion. Timepoint: Postoperative Day 1,Postoperative Day 7,Postoperative Day 14. Method of measurement: Goniometer.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2026-05-13</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Research Ethics Committees of Urmia University of Medical Sciences - Imam Khomeini University Hospit</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Imam Khomeini University Hospital-Ershad AVE,.Modarres Blvd,. Urmia-IRAN Urmia West Azarbaijan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
