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IRCT20180627040251N21 IRCT 2026-08-04 Kharazmi University Comparison of the Effects of Corrective Exercises and Neuromuscular Exercises on Lower Limb Function and Muscle Activity in Young Volleyball Players Following ACL Reconstruction Effects of National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM)-Based Corrective Exercises and Knee-Focused Neuromuscular Training on Return-to-Sport Tests and Lower Limb Muscle Electrical Activity in Young Volleyball Players Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction 2026-08-11 anticipated 45 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/92083 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: In this study, simple randomization was used to assign participants to three groups (two intervention groups and one control group). The randomization sequence was generated using SPSS statistical software and sealed envelopes were used to ensure allocation concealment. Thus, there was no bias or side effects in the group allocation process. How to create a random sequence: A list of numbers from 1 to 45 (the total number of participants) is prepared. Using a randomization tool (such as random.org or a random number table), each number is completely randomly assigned to one of three groups (A: intervention 1, B: intervention 2, C: control). Result: A random sequence such as [A, C, B, A, B, C, ...] up to 45 people. How subjects are entered: Participants are entered in the order they register (first, second, etc.). Each person is assigned based on their position in the sequence (e.g., person 1 to A, person 2 to C, etc.). To ensure concealment, the sequence is placed in sealed envelopes and opened sequentially, Blinding description: In this study, the outcome assessor is blind to the groups’ randomization and interventions receiving by participants. in this way, during the evaluation before and after the intervention protocol, they do not make mistakes in their judgments in favor of a specific therapeutic intervention. N/A anterior cruciate ligament Injury. Intervention 1: Intervention group 1: The National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) training group participated in an 8‑week program, with three sessions per week. Each session included foam rolling for muscle inhibition, static and dynamic stretching, isolated strengthening of underactive muscles using resistance exercises, and full‑body functional movements to coordinate movement patterns. Intervention 2: Intervention group: The knee‑focused neuromuscular training program was conducted for 8 weeks, with three sessions per week. The emphasis was on dynamic joint stabilization, anticipatory muscle activation, and reactive motor control. Each session included a dynamic warm‑up, balance and perturbation exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, plyometric and landing retraining with visual and verbal feedback, and agility drills involving directional changes and responses to stimuli. Intervention 3: Control group: This group did not receive any training or intervention during the study period. No - There is not a plan to make this available Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is It will be sent if requested
public Hassan Sadeghi
Mirdamad - Shahid Hesari St. - Shahid Keshvari Complex - Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of) 15719-14911 +98 21 2222 8001 hassan.sadeghi81@yahoo.com Kharazmi University scientific Hassan Sadeghi
Mirdamad - Shahid Hesari St. - Shahid Keshvari Complex - Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of) 15719-14911 +98 21 2222 8001 hassan.sadeghi81@yahoo.com Kharazmi University Iran (Islamic Republic of) Being male and within the age range of 18 to 30 years Having a history of unilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the standard surgical technique. At least 6 months and at most 24 months having passed since the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Completion of the initial phase of medical rehabilitation and receiving clearance from a specialist physician to participate in sports activities. Absence of severe pain, acute inflammation, or significant range of motion limitation at the time of testing. Ability to perform single‑leg landing tasks and return‑to‑sport tests without severe pain or a strong feeling of instability. Having adequate functional range of motion of the knee joint, particularly full functional flexion and extension. 18 years 30 years Male Bilateral ACL reconstruction or a history of ACL rupture in the contralateral limb; or meniscal tear requiring recent intervention. History of other knee surgery within the past 6 months; recent arthroscopy; or active pain/swelling that prevents participation in exercises. Neurological, cardiovascular, or metabolic diseases that affect exercise performance (as diagnosed by a physician). Active knee instability on clinical examination, or severe kinesiophobia that makes task performance impossible. Use of medications affecting neuromuscular function that cause rapid changes. S83.5 Sprain of cruciate ligament of knee Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Intervention group 1: The National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) training group participated in an 8‑week program, with three sessions per week. Each session included foam rolling for muscle inhibition, static and dynamic stretching, isolated strengthening of underactive muscles using resistance exercises, and full‑body functional movements to coordinate movement patterns Intervention group: The knee‑focused neuromuscular training program was conducted for 8 weeks, with three sessions per week. The emphasis was on dynamic joint stabilization, anticipatory muscle activation, and reactive motor control. Each session included a dynamic warm‑up, balance and perturbation exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, plyometric and landing retraining with visual and verbal feedback, and agility drills involving directional changes and responses to stimuli Control group: This group did not receive any training or intervention during the study period. Lower limb muscle Electromyography. Timepoint: Beginning and end of exercises duration. Method of measurement: Electromyography device. Return‑to‑sport functional tests. Timepoint: Before and after exercise protocols. Method of measurement: Single leg hop for distance, Crossover hop for distance, 6‑m timed hop ,Triple hop for distance. Kharazmi University Approved 2026-06-20 Ethical Committee of Kharazmi University-Iran Enghlab- Mofateh St. Tehran Tehran Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of)