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Study aim
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Comparing the effect of cryotherapy and acupressure on pain intensity of arteriovenous fistula in female patients undergoing hemodialysis
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Design
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In this study, 42 female patients under hemodialysis were selected through fistula and entered the study, and the study is a one-way semi-experimental study in which each individual has control.
for each patient, randomized intervention (cryotherapy or acupuncture)selected.
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Settings and conduct
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The researcher referred to hemodialysis ward in even and odd days and in the morning and evening, and selected eligible individuals based on non-random allocation
No intervention: Arterio-venous hemodialysis needles were inserted by the nurse to the fistula. After completing the work and fixing the needles, pain was measured using a numerical tool.
Patients were randomly assigned to cryotherapy or acupressure in the second session of hemodialysis.
and third session received crayotherapy or acupressure (that did not receive in the second session)
Cryotherapy intervention:It was done using a piece of cubic ice was placed inside a gauze and then inserted into the nylon and placed on the Hugo point in the patient's hand no fistula for 10 minutes (2 minutes rubbing and 15 seconds rest). Immediately after that ,the nurse inserted needle into the fistula and fixed ,the pain was measured.
Acupressure intervention: It was done using a thumb-fist, the hand is oblique on the Hugo's point in the patient's hand no fistula for 10 minutes, alternately (2 minutes massage ,medium pressure, and 15 seconds rest), . Immediately after that ,the nurse inserted needle into the fistula and fixed ,the pain was measured.
The instrument was used to measure the time of the hour and the pain was measured by an individual who was not aware of the type of intervention
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Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria
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Inclusion criteria include: aged over 18 years, alertness, ability to communicate verbally, pass 3 months of fistula placement, no opioid, sleep pill or sedative from 8 hours before hemodialysis, no severe pain in other places, no Pacemaker, initiation of hemodialysis at least 3 months ago, patients with a fixed and active file (3 sessions every week each session 4 hours), no problem, lack of numbness, no neuropathy and peripheral vascular diseases around hemodialysis site (at the site of access to the vessels), no history of diabetes (or controlled if patient has diabetes).
Exclusion criteria: dissatisfaction for participating in study.
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Intervention groups
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In this study, three stages (without intervention-intervention of cryotherapy and acupressure intervention) were performed in one group. Indeed, each individual had a control (herself) and we did not have separate control group.
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Main outcome variables
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Pain