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Study aim
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Comparison the efficacy of Etomidate and Propofol in sedation induction in children undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
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Design
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A clinical trial with two intervention groups, with parallel groups, double-blind, randomized, phase 2 will be performed on 90 children undergoing endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract. The simple random method will be used for randomization.
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Settings and conduct
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The study will done in the endoscopy department of Mofid Children's Hospital affiliated to Shahid Behehsti University of Medical Sience in Tehran. This study will be conducted double-blinded: the patients (children) and the evaluator (analyzer) won't aware of the course of the intervention. Intervention will be done under the same conditions in both groups. After diluting, 1 mg/kg Propofol and 0.1 mg/kg Etomidate will be same as color, smell and volume.
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Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria
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Inclusion criteria: Children 1 to 15 years old candidates for upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in class І, ІІ according to American Association of Anesthesia.
Non-inclusion criteria: A history of drug allergy to Propofol or Etomidate, kidney and liver disease, adrenal disease, severe pneumonia, ICU admission, history of postoperative nausea and vomiting, G6PD deficiency.
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Intervention groups
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The intervention group 1 receive Propofol (1%) 1 mg/kg (4 ml/kg) which is injected intravenous slowly, and the intervention group 2 receive Etomidate (0.2%) 0.1 mg/kg (2 ml/kg) which is diluted with 2 ml/kg injectable sterile water, and injected intravenous slowly.
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Main outcome variables
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The time and frequency of laryngospasm;
The time and frequency of apnea;
The time of waking up from sedation;
Nausea after sedation;
Vomiting after sedation;
Restlessness.