Effect of Physical Activity on Static and Dynamic Balance among the Elderly

: with advancing age, and the impact of age-related chronic diseases, a decline in balance as a cognitive capability function is also observed. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity on the static and dynamic balance of the elderly living in the nursing home

: In this study, 36 healthy subjects with no history of regular exercise (71.8 ± 5.6 years old and body mass index 23.4 ± 6.8) were selected by convenient sampling. After obtaining informed written consent and the physician permission, qualified subjects were enrolled in the study and were examined before and after physical exercise. To evaluate dynamic and static balance of the subjects, we used TUG and Sharpend-Romberg tests. The exercises were progressively implemented for 8 weeks and 3 hours per week. To analyze the data, appropriate statistical tests at the significant level of P <0.05 and SPSS version 20 were used.

After the physical activity was completed, the eligible elderly were visited by a physician at the nursing home and obtained a permission to participate in the research. Finally, written informed consent was obtained from the subjects for participation in the study. After initial tests and physician permission, 41 elderly (26 women, 15 men) declared their readiness to participate in the research. Initially, all subjects were evaluated by a tool for measuring static and dynamic balance measurements and data obtained were recorded. The elderly were trained for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week in group. Sampling was carried out in December 2016 and January 2017.

Prior to entering the program, the elderly were evaluated for physical activity using a physical activity readiness questionnaire. According to this questionnaire, elderly patients with history of heart disease, hypertension, physician's order for non-doing exercise or workout, nerve dysfunction, dizziness, eye and ear diseases (other than presbyopia and presbycusis), previous fractures of the involved bones in the balance (femur, tibia and fibula) and the BMI greater than 36, the absence of more than 3 sessions in the exercise were excluded from the study

his is a quasi-experimental study in which 36 elderly people in the age range of 60 to 85 years (age 71.6 ± 5.6), body mass index (23.4 ± 6.8), residence for more than 3 months in the nursing home of Sabzevar and without a history of falling were investigated through a pre-test and post-test comparisons

, the presence of nurses with the elderly and sometimes living with them has made it more tangible for nurses to take a step for providing preventive care. In this study, we sought to demonstrate that by offering proper physical exercises and simple and low cost sports equipment, caring nurses at home or nursing home can take steps to prevent falls and increase the balance of the elderly. Using exercises at home or nursing home can reduce the level of falling among the elderly and prevent further complications in them.

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