Inclusion criteria:
Receiving a confirmed diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) by a neurology specialist.
Being between 60 and 80 years of age.
Fluency in Persian language and having at least 8 years of formal education.
The participant’s ability to attend treatment sessions as scheduled according to the therapeutic protocols and to regularly perform the exercises related to each intervention.
The ability to write and fully complete the questions of self-report instruments and computer-based tools across the three stages of implementation.
Exclusion criteria:
A confirmed diagnosis of any type of progressive dementia.
Having progressive neurological disorders, or a diagnosed cognitive impairment resulting from conditions such as COVID-19 infection, brain injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease, or other similar causes.
Absence from more than four sessions in any of the intervention programs.
Exacerbation of symptoms, hospitalization, or undergoing anesthesia and surgery during the implementation of the protocols.
Presence of severe visual or hearing impairments, history of stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), or head injury with a history of loss of consciousness.
History of internal medical conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes, uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled hyperlipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, or a history of HIV infection.
Presence of major neurological or psychiatric disorders, including stroke, epilepsy, seizures, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), brain injuries, diagnosed schizophrenia, adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or any condition requiring frequent hospital visits or hospitalizations.
Dependence on or abuse of substances or specific medications.