The effect of dynamic neuromuscular stability training on core muscle contraction and balance in women with chronic specific low back pain

The Effect of of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) Exercises on Core Muscle Activation and Balance in Women with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain

This study will be conducted as a randomized single-blind clinical trial on 16 women with non-specific chronic low back pain. The participants will be divided into two groups: control and exercise; one group will receive DNS exercises, while the other group will serve as the control group in the study

This study will be conducted at Arak University. After obtaining informed consent, participants will be randomly assigned to either an exercise or a control group. The exercise group will perform DNS exercises focused on core activation and balance for four weeks (three sessions per week) at the university gym. The study is designed as a single-blind randomized clinical trial, with the assessor blinded to group allocation to reduce bias.

Inclusion Criteria:1.Ageed 18 to 30 years. 2.Female gender. 3.Chronic non-specific low back pain more than 3 months. 4.Informed consent to participate in the study. 5.Clinical confirmation by a physician; Exclusion Criteria: 1.lumbar surgery. 2.Low back pain of traumatic or structural origin with neurological symptoms. 3.Neurological, cardiovascular, or respiratory diseases affecting motor function. 4.Absence from more than two consecutive sessions or three non-consecutive sessions. 5.Unwillingness to cooperate

Intervention Group : Female patients with non-specific chronic low back pain who received a DNS exercise program to assess its effect on core muscle activation and balance. Control Group: Female patients with non-specific chronic low back pain who received no exercise or therapeutic intervention

Pain, Balance, Mobility / Walking ability, Difficulty performing abdominal breathing

Dear Sir/Madam, With due respect, I would like to inform you that a total of 24 participants were initially enrolled in the present study. However, due to the circumstances caused by the war and the resulting disruption to the research process, only 16 participants were able to complete the post-test assessment, and it was not possible to continue the study procedures for the remaining participants at that time. Following the establishment of a ceasefire and the restoration of conditions that allowed the study to resume, the remaining available participants underwent the required assessments in order to continue the study and to increase the validity and adequacy of the sample size. Therefore, considering the change in the final number of participants who completed the assessment stages and the availability of additional data, I kindly request that the relevant information, including the sample size, be amended and updated in the IRCT system so that the registered information accurately reflects the actual course of the study. Thank you in advance for your kind cooperation and consideration.

In this study, randomization will be conducted as simple randomization at the individual level. The sequence of group assignments will be generated prior to participant enrollment using a random number table created in Excel. To ensure allocation concealment, the generated sequence will be kept by an individual outside the research team, and the researcher will remain unaware of the assignment order; thus, the risk of systematic bias in the enrollment process will be reduced. Each eligible participant, after screening and providing informed consent, will be assigned sequentially according to the predetermined random sequence into one of the two study groups (exercise group and control group).

In this study, due to the nature of the exercise interventions, blinding of participants and researchers is not feasible; since the type of exercise is evident to both participants and researchers, as well as to data collectors and outcome assessors, they are necessarily aware of the group allocation. However, the data analyst responsible for the statistical analysis of the results will remain blinded to the group assignments in order to prevent bias in the final analysis. Information regarding group allocation will only be provided to the analyst through specific coding.

All research data will be made available after publication, except for any data that could lead to the identification of participants. Only de‑identified data or aggregated data related to the primary outcome variables will be shared, if needed.

Five months after the publication of the results

All individuals, researchers, faculty members, and people with non‑specific chronic low back pain can benefit from this research.

Individuals who wish to review the study may contact the researcher via email to request access to the documentation.

They should first contact Dr. Shahrjerdi via email at s‑shahrjerdi@araku.ac.ir and then follow up by calling +98‑939‑032‑8958. They may also visit the Arak University Library, located in Sardasht, Karbala Boulevard, Arak University.

Researchers may receive the requested documentation after sending an email and obtaining confirmation from the researcher.