Protocol summary

Study aim
Comparing the effectiveness of intravenous and intraventricular antimicrobial therapy for bacterial meningitis following craniotomy
Design
A controlled, parallel-group, single-blind, randomized, simple random assignment clinical trial, phase 3, on 30 patients.
Settings and conduct
The present study will be conducted in the ICU of Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz. The study population is patients with meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria after craniotomy and EVD infection simultaneously or during hospitalization according to CDC criteria. Blinding in the present study will be performed at the level of participant, data analyst, and outcome assessor.
Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients aged 16-80 years with meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria after craniotomy and EVD insertion simultaneously or during hospitalization, patient consent. Exclusion criteria: History of shunt placement, previous brain or spinal surgery, recent antibiotic intake, sensitivity to study drugs, renal dysfunction, and death during the study.
Intervention groups
intravenous treatment including, 2 grams of meropenem (2 g/kg/day) every 8 hours if the culture result is gram-negative, and 1 gram of vancomycin (1 g/kg/day) every 12 hours if the culture result is gram-positive, along with intracranial treatment: 125 units of colistin daily (125 IU q24h) and 80 grams of vancomycin daily (80 g/kg/day) if the culture result is gram-positive. The control group: intravenous treatment including, 2 grams of meropenem (2 g/kg/day) every 8 hours if the culture result is gram-negative, and 1 gram of vancomycin (1 g/kg/day) every 12 hours if the culture result is gram-positive
Main outcome variables
14-day mortality, length of stay in ICU, positive blood culture, need for tracheostomy, duration of positive CSF culture and biochemistry smear results

General information

Reason for update
Acronym
IRCT registration information
IRCT registration number: IRCT20260518069437N1
Registration date: 2026-08-02, 1405/05/11
Registration timing: prospective

Last update: 2026-08-02, 1405/05/11
Update count: 0
Registration date
2026-08-02, 1405/05/11
Registrant information
Name
Armin Jahangiri Babadi
Name of organization / entity
Country
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Phone
+98 912 440 1022
Email address
jahangiribabadi-a@ajums.ac.ir
Recruitment status
recruiting
Funding source
Expected recruitment start date
2026-08-08, 1405/05/17
Expected recruitment end date
2027-03-01, 1405/12/10
Actual recruitment start date
empty
Actual recruitment end date
empty
Trial completion date
empty
Scientific title
Evaluation of the effectiveness of intrathecal versus intraventricular antimicrobial therapy for bacterial meningitis following craniotomy: a clinical trial
Public title
Comparison of treatment methods for microbial infection in patients with meningitis.
Purpose
Treatment
Inclusion/Exclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria:
Patients aged 16-80 years with meningitis caused by gram-negative bacteria after craniotomy Concurrent or in-hospital external ventricular drain (EVD) infection Patient consent to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria:
History of shunting Previous brain or spinal surgery Recent antibiotic use Sensitivity to study drugs Renal dysfunction Death during the study
Age
From 20 years old
Gender
Both
Phase
3
Groups that have been masked
  • Outcome assessor
  • Data analyser
Sample size
Target sample size: 30
Randomization (investigator's opinion)
Randomized
Randomization description
In this study, simple randomization will be used to allocate patients to two parallel groups (intrathecal versus intraventricular therapy) with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The randomization unit is the individual patient. Random allocation will be performed using a computer-generated random number table to ensure that each participant has an equal probability of being assigned to either study arm. To implement this, sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes (SNOSE) containing the group assignments (odd numbers for the intrathecal group and even numbers for the intraventricular group) will be prepared. Upon enrollment and after obtaining informed consent, the coordinator will open the corresponding envelope in sequence. The allocation sequence will be concealed from both the principal investigators and the outcome assessors. Potential confounding factors, including the presence of an external ventricular drain (EVD), primary indication for craniotomy, age, gender, and underlying comorbidities, will be controlled during the data analysis stage using stratification or multivariate regression models.
Blinding (investigator's opinion)
Single blinded
Blinding description
Due to the nature of the intervention, blinding of participants and healthcare providers (physicians and nurses involved in delivering the intervention) is not feasible; therefore, they will be aware of group allocation. However, blinding will be implemented at the level of outcome assessment and data analysis. Outcome assessors responsible for data collection and outcome recording will be blinded to group allocation and will only identify participants using coded labels (A and B). In addition, the statistician performing data analysis will be blinded to treatment allocation, and all analyses will be conducted using anonymized and coded datasets without access to intervention-related information.
Placebo
Not used
Assignment
Parallel
Other design features

Secondary Ids

empty

Ethics committees

1

Ethics committee
Name of ethics committee
Ethical Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Street address
Second Floor, Research Vice-Chancellor Building, Ahvaz Jundishapur University, Golestan Highway, Iran
City
ahvaz
Province
Khouzestan
Postal code
61357-15794
Approval date
2026-06-27, 1405/04/06
Ethics committee reference number
IR.AJUMS.REC.1405.135

Health conditions studied

1

Description of health condition studied
Meningitis
ICD-10 code
A87.9
ICD-10 code description
Viral meningitis, unspecified

Primary outcomes

1

Description
Positive blood culture
Timepoint
In time of treatment initiation up to discharge time
Method of measurement
Culture of blood sample in the laboratory

2

Description
Need to tracheostomy
Timepoint
Every day following treatment initiation
Method of measurement
To perform or not to perform a tracheostomy

3

Description
Mortality
Timepoint
14 days following treatment initiation
Method of measurement
Alive or expired

4

Description
Duration of admission in ICU
Timepoint
The day of discharge from ICU
Method of measurement
Day count

5

Description
The time of blood culture results to be positive
Timepoint
In time of treatment initiation up to discharge time
Method of measurement
Day count

6

Description
CSF biochemistry smear
Timepoint
In time of treatment initiation up to discharge time
Method of measurement
Laboratory assessment

Secondary outcomes

1

Description
Neurological deterioration
Timepoint
Every day following treatment initiation
Method of measurement
Brain imaging

2

Description
Mortality
Timepoint
30 days following treatment initiation
Method of measurement
Alive or expired

Intervention groups

1

Description
Intervention group: Intravenous treatment: 2 g of meropenem every 8 hours if the culture result is gram-negative, and 1 g of vancomycin every 12 hours if the culture result is gram-positive. In addition to the intravenous treatment mentioned above, intracranial treatment is also given with 125 units of colistin daily if the culture result is gram-negative, and 80 g of vancomycin daily if the culture result is gram-positive. Empirical treatment, including ceftazidime and vancomycin twice daily or according to the results of the Gram stain, will be given. Definitive treatment is determined based on sensitivities, with a preference for narrow-spectrum beta-lactams. Treatment will continue until definitive improvement is confirmed based on laboratory culture results.
Category
Treatment - Drugs

2

Description
Control group: Intravenous treatment is 2 g of meropenem every 8 hours if the culture result is gram-negative, and 1 g of vancomycin every 12 hours if the culture result is gram-positive. Empirical treatment includes ceftazidime and vancomycin twice a day or according to the results of the Gram stain. Definitive treatment is determined based on sensitivities, with a preference for narrow-spectrum beta-lactams. Treatment is continued until definitive improvement based on laboratory culture results.
Category
Treatment - Drugs

Recruitment centers

1

Recruitment center
Name of recruitment center
Golestan Hospital
Full name of responsible person
Armin Jahangiri Babadi
Street address
Neurosurgery Department, Golestan Hospital, Golestan area, Ahvaz
City
Ahvaz
Province
Khouzestan
Postal code
61357-15794
Phone
+98 916 613 4568
Email
armin57.jb@gmail.com

Sponsors / Funding sources

1

Sponsor
Name of organization / entity
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Full name of responsible person
Abdollah Rafiei
Street address
Second Floor, Research Vice-Chancellor Building, Ahvaz Jundishapur University, Golestan Highway, Iran
City
Ahvaz
Province
Khouzestan
Postal code
61357-15794
Phone
+98 916 613 4568
Email
armin57.jb@gmail.com
Grant name
Grant code / Reference number
Is the source of funding the same sponsor organization/entity?
Yes
Title of funding source
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Proportion provided by this source
70
Public or private sector
Public
Domestic or foreign origin
Domestic
Category of foreign source of funding
empty
Country of origin
Type of organization providing the funding
Academic

Person responsible for general inquiries

Contact
Name of organization / entity
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Full name of responsible person
Armin Jahangiri Babadi
Position
Assistant Professor
Latest degree
Specialist
Other areas of specialty/work
Neurosurgery
Street address
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
City
Ahvaz
Province
Khouzestan
Postal code
61357-15794
Phone
+98 912 440 1022
Fax
Email
jahangiribabadi-a@ajums.ac.ir

Person responsible for scientific inquiries

Contact
Name of organization / entity
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Full name of responsible person
Armin Jahangiri Babadi
Position
Assistant Professor
Latest degree
Specialist
Other areas of specialty/work
Neurosurgery
Street address
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
City
Ahvaz
Province
Khouzestan
Postal code
61357-15794
Phone
+98 912 440 1022
Fax
Email
jahangiribabadi-a@ajums.ac.ir

Person responsible for updating data

Contact
Name of organization / entity
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences
Full name of responsible person
Armin Jahangiri Babadi
Position
Assistant Professor
Latest degree
Specialist
Other areas of specialty/work
Neurosurgery
Street address
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
City
Ahvaz
Province
Khouzestan
Postal code
61357-15794
Phone
+98 912 440 1022
Fax
Email
jahangiribabadi-a@ajums.ac.ir

Sharing plan

Deidentified Individual Participant Data Set (IPD)
No - There is not a plan to make this available
Justification/reason for indecision/not sharing IPD
There is no more information.
Study Protocol
No - There is not a plan to make this available
Statistical Analysis Plan
No - There is not a plan to make this available
Informed Consent Form
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Clinical Study Report
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Analytic Code
No - There is not a plan to make this available
Data Dictionary
No - There is not a plan to make this available
Title and more details about the data/document
The raw data file will not be made available to other researchers. The results of the data analysis will be published in the form of an article only after the study is completed.
When the data will become available and for how long
The raw data file will not be made available to other researchers.
To whom data/document is available
There is no more information.
Under which criteria data/document could be used
There is no more information.
From where data/document is obtainable
Dr. Armin Jahangiri babadi, armin57.jb@gmail.com
What processes are involved for a request to access data/document
It is available after correspondence with Dr. Armin Jahangiri Babadi. It is important to note that only the editor of the journal to which the article will be submitted will be allowed to request access to the data to prove the reliability and trustworthiness of the results. After going through these steps, access will be available approximately 1 week later.
Comments
Loading...