En Comparative Effects of Small-Sided Games with and without Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Markers in Soccer Players
Design
This study is a randomized, single-blind clinical trial comprising two groups of 10 participants each: a small-sided games training group with CoQ10 supplementation (n=10) and a small-sided games training group with placebo (n=10).
Settings and conduct
This single-blind clinical trial aims to evaluate soccer players in Neyshabur. Twenty participants recruited from local sports clubs will be randomly assigned to two groups of 10 each: training group with CoQ10 supplementation and a training group with placebo. Participants will be blinded to the content of the capsules.
Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Having at least 2 years of continuous and organized participation in soccer; being in full physical health (confirmed by the PAR-Q health questionnaire);
no consumption of any antioxidant, vitamin, or anti-inflammatory supplements within 3 months prior to the study
significant dietary changes or unauthorized use of ergogenic supplements during the intervention period; occurrence of sports injuries preventing continuation of the training protocol
Intervention groups
Exercise with CoQ10 Group: Participants in this group consumed daily CoQ10 supplementation at a dose of 100 mg (sourced from Rosedarou Pharmaceutical Co., Iran) approximately 2 to 4 hours prior to exercise for six weeks. They also performed moderate-intensity interval training for six weeks (3 sessions per week, 20 to 30 minutes per session), with training intensity ranging from 75% to 95% of maximum heart rate. All training sessions were conducted at the Neyshabur Municipality Gymnasium.
Main outcome variables
Glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde
General information
Reason for update
Acronym
IRCT registration information
IRCT registration number:IRCT20120129008863N17
Registration date:2026-08-25, 1405/06/03
Registration timing:prospective
Last update:2026-08-25, 1405/06/03
Update count:0
Registration date
2026-08-25, 1405/06/03
Registrant information
Name
Keyvan Hejazi
Name of organization / entity
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Country
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Phone
+98 51 1768 6790
Email address
ke_he981@stu-mail.um.ac.ir
Recruitment status
recruiting
Funding source
Expected recruitment start date
2026-09-11, 1405/06/20
Expected recruitment end date
2026-11-11, 1405/08/20
Actual recruitment start date
empty
Actual recruitment end date
empty
Trial completion date
empty
Scientific title
Comparative Effects of Small-Sided Games with and without Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Markers in Soccer Players
Public title
Comparative Effects of Small-Sided Games with and without Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Markers
Purpose
Health service research
Inclusion/Exclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria:
Having at least 2 years of continuous and organized participation in soccer
Being in full physical health (confirmed by the PAR-Q health questionnaire)
No consumption of any antioxidant, vitamin, or anti-inflammatory supplements within 3 months prior to the study
Adherence to a regular diet and non-use of tobacco and alcohol
Exclusion criteria:
Absence from more than two consecutive sessions or 10% of total training sessions
Significant dietary changes or unauthorized use of ergogenic supplements during the intervention period
Occurrence of sports injuries preventing continuation of the training protocol
Contracting infectious or viral illnesses during the study period that could alter inflammatory and oxidative markers.
Age
From 18 years old to 20 years old
Gender
Male
Phase
N/A
Groups that have been masked
Participant
Sample size
Target sample size:
20
Randomization (investigator's opinion)
Randomized
Randomization description
This study utilizes a simple individual-level randomization method, where 20 participants are randomly assigned to two groups (high-intensity interval training with CoQ10 supplementation and training with placebo). A computer-generated sequence is used for random allocation to ensure high precision and reproducibility while minimizing selection bias.
Blinding (investigator's opinion)
Single blinded
Blinding description
This study is a single-blind clinical trial in which blinding applies exclusively to the CoQ10 and placebo administration. Participants read the research protocol during the first session, and the supplement and placebo, provided in identical capsules, are distributed among them such that only the researcher is aware of the capsule contents.
Placebo
Used
Assignment
Parallel
Other design features
Secondary Ids
empty
Ethics committees
1
Ethics committee
Name of ethics committee
Hakim Sabzevari University
Street address
Hakim Sabzevari University, Tohid Shahr, Sabzevar; Department of Sport Sciences
City
Sabzevar
Province
Razavi Khorasan
Postal code
9617976487
Approval date
2026-05-31, 1405/03/10
Ethics committee reference number
IR.HSU.REC.1405.007
Health conditions studied
1
Description of health condition studied
Inflammation in Football Players
ICD-10 code
Z00.6
ICD-10 code description
Encounter for examination for normal comparison and control in clinical research program
Primary outcomes
1
Description
Glutathione peroxidase
Timepoint
Before the exercise intervention and 6 weeks after the intervention
Method of measurement
Laboratory method: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, using the ZellBio kit (mmol/L)
Secondary outcomes
1
Description
Total Antioxidant Capacity
Timepoint
Before the exercise intervention and 6 weeks after the intervention
Method of measurement
Laboratory method: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, using the ZellBio kit (mmol/L)
Intervention groups
1
Description
Intervention group: Intervention Group 1 (Training + Supplementation): Participants in this group will engage in a 6-week small-sided games training program while receiving the active supplement. The training protocol consists of three sessions per week, with each session lasting 60 minutes in total (including a 10-minute warm-up, 40 minutes of main training, and a 10-minute cool-down). Concurrently, subjects will consume one 100 mg CoQ10 capsule daily (manufactured by Rosedarou Pharmaceutical Co., Iran) approximately 2 to 4 hours prior to exercise. All training sessions will be conducted under the direct supervision of a certified coach.
Category
Rehabilitation
2
Description
Control group: Intervention Group 2 (Training + Placebo): Participants in this group will perform the identical 6-week small-sided games training protocol (3 sessions per week, 60 minutes per session). Instead of CoQ10, they will consume one placebo capsule daily (containing canola oil, manufactured by Rosedarou Pharmaceutical Co., Iran). The placebo capsules are identical in physical appearance to the CoQ10 capsules to maintain blinding. All training sessions will be conducted under the direct supervision of a certified coach to ensure safety and protocol adherence.
Category
Rehabilitation
Recruitment centers
1
Recruitment center
Name of recruitment center
Hakim Sabzevari University
Full name of responsible person
Keyvan Hejazi
Street address
Sabzevar, Tohid Town, Hakim Sabzevari University Campus
City
Sabzevar
Province
Razavi Khorasan
Postal code
9617976487
Phone
+98 51 4401 2767
Email
k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir
Sponsors / Funding sources
1
Sponsor
Name of organization / entity
Vice Presidency for Research and Technology, Hakim Sabzevari University
Full name of responsible person
Dr. Ali Asghar Alavi
Street address
Sabzevar, Tohid Town, Hakim Sabzevari University Campus.
City
Sabzevar
Province
Razavi Khorasan
Postal code
9617976487
Phone
+98 51 4401 2767
Email
k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir
Grant name
Grant code / Reference number
Is the source of funding the same sponsor organization/entity?
Yes
Title of funding source
Vice Presidency for Research and Technology, Hakim Sabzevari University
Proportion provided by this source
100
Public or private sector
Public
Domestic or foreign origin
Domestic
Category of foreign source of funding
empty
Country of origin
Type of organization providing the funding
Academic
Person responsible for general inquiries
Contact
Name of organization / entity
Hakim Sabzevari University
Full name of responsible person
Dr. Keyvan Hejazi
Position
Associate professor
Latest degree
Ph.D.
Other areas of specialty/work
Physiology
Street address
Hakim Sabzevari University Campus, Tohid Town, Sabzevar
City
Sabzevar
Province
Razavi Khorasan
Postal code
9617976487
Phone
+98 51 4401 2767
Email
k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir
Person responsible for scientific inquiries
Contact
Name of organization / entity
Hakim Sabzevari University
Full name of responsible person
Dr. Keyvan Hejazi
Position
Associate professor
Latest degree
Ph.D.
Other areas of specialty/work
Physiology
Street address
Hakim Sabzevari University Campus, Tohid Town, Sabzevar
City
Sabzevar
Province
Razavi Khorasan
Postal code
9617976487
Phone
+98 51 4401 2767
Email
k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir
Person responsible for updating data
Contact
Name of organization / entity
Hakim Sabzevari University
Full name of responsible person
Dr. Keyvan Hejazi
Position
Associate professor
Latest degree
Ph.D.
Other areas of specialty/work
Physiology
Street address
Hakim Sabzevari University Campus, Tohid Town, Sabzevar
City
Sabzevar
Province
Razavi Khorasan
Postal code
9617976487
Phone
+98 51 4401 2767
Email
k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir
Sharing plan
Deidentified Individual Participant Data Set (IPD)
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Study Protocol
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Statistical Analysis Plan
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Informed Consent Form
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Clinical Study Report
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Analytic Code
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available
Data Dictionary
Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available