Study aim: To determine the effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without IASTM technique on pain intensity, range of motion and neck pain disability index in patients with neck pain due to upper crossed syndrome. Design: Randomized Clinical Trail Settings and conduct: The data will be collected from Physiotherapy Clinics, The Agile Institute of rehabilitation Sciences( AIRS) and National Orthopedic Hospital Bahawalpur. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: • Diagnosed patients complaining neck pain with forwarded head posture • Both Females and Males in age of 18-40 • Chronic Neck pain from at least 3 months • Neck pain Scoring More than 3 on Visual Analogue Scale Exclusion Criteria Patients with history of • Any previous surgery • Any type of Infection • Any type of Hypersensitive Skin • Diabetes Mellitus type II • Any type of Traumatic Injury • Any type of Psychological Disorder • Manual therapy contraindicated like osteoporosis, infection, disc-Herniation, neoplasm • Osteomyelitis, Ulcers, open wound including all in which IASTM is contraindicated • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Acute Inflammation • Burn Scars • Osteoporosis • Unhealed , closed and non complicated fractures Intervention groups: Group-A Routine Physical Therapy (RPT) Group-B Experimental Group(IASTM) Main outcome variables: Pain Cervical Range of Motion Neck Disability Index(Functional Assessment Tool)

conducted in physical therapy department of Kulsum International Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan. Study

Study aim: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of adding Kinesio taping to standard treatment modalities (medication, physiotherapy, and exercises) in patients with LBP, specifically in terms of pain relief, functional improvement, and overall recovery. Design: This RCT with a parallel-group design compares Kinesio taping + standard care vs. standard care alone in 100 patients with Low Back Pain. Randomization & Allocation Participants will be randomly assigned to either: Intervention: Kinesio taping + standard care Control: Standard care alone Allocation: Concealed randomization Follow-Up Assessments at 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week post-intervention. Settings and conduct: Conducted in Clinical Settings, patients randomly allocated, and patients are not blinded Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: • Adults aged 20-60 years • Diagnosed with chronic low back pain (non-specific) • Both genders • No recent back surgery or significant spinal abnormalities Exclusion Criteria: • Patients with inflammatory diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis) • Pregnant women • Skin allergies, wounds, or infections in the back area • Neurological deficits (e.g., sciatica, herniated disc) • Obesity (BMI > 30) Intervention groups: The intervention group will have Kinesiotaping applied to the lumbar region based on standard KT methods for LBP. The tape will be applied for 3 consecutive days, following which it will be reapplied at regular intervals for one week. Physiotherapy and exercises will be administered as part of the treatment protocol for both groups. Medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), will be prescribed based on individual needs. Main outcome variables: NRS and ODI

Study aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using a cooler dialysate temperature (35.5°C) on hemodynamic stability in hypotensive patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, compared to the standard dialysate temperature (37°C). Hemodialysis is a critical life-saving procedure, but complications such as intradialytic hypotension can lead to session interruptions and increased morbidity and mortality. This study is the first, to our knowledge, to specifically examine the benefits of cooler dialysate in a hypotensive ESRD population, with the goal of improving hemodynamic stability during dialysis sessions. Design: Parallel group, double blind, randomised controlled trial Settings and conduct: Conducted in a tertiary care hospital, the study ensures blinding of participants, healthcare providers, data collectors, and outcome assessors through concealed temperature settings. The design aims to minimize bias and assess the impact of cooler dialysate on intradialytic hypotension Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Patients from both genders between 18 and 60 years old who were on twice weekly HD and had hypotension were included. Patients with thyroid disease, anaemia, and taking anti-hypertensive medications were excluded. Intervention groups: Cooler dialysate temperature (35.5°C) on hemodynamic stability in hypotensive patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, compared to the standard dialysate temperature (37°C). Main outcome variables: This double-blind, randomized trial assesses the impact of cooler dialysate (35.5°C) versus standard dialysate (37°C) on hemodynamic stability in hypotensive ESRD patients during hemodialysis.

Study aim: To screen out the psychosocial issues due to social media addiction. To compare the level of psychosocial issues among male and female students. To screen out the severity level of social media addiction. Design: This research study will be conducted in two phases: phase-I (screening and identification of psychosocial issues due to social media addiction), and phase-II (management of psychosocial issues due to social media addiction by using CBT). In this study 30, 30 students will be recruited for both groups with psychosocial issues. In phase-II, there will be two groups, experimental group (receive the treatment) and control group (will not receive the treatment) age between 18-25 years. For pre-test and post-test, researcher will use cross sectional research design for baseline assessment and evaluation, and at the time of management of psychosocial issues, there will be experimental research design. Settings and conduct: Following settings and conduct will be follow in this study: It is not blinded study, Informed consent, Privacy/ confidentiality, Voluntary participation, Right to withdraw, Potential to harm, Anonymity, and Results communication. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: University students aged 18-25 (Years) Male, Female students Provide informed consent Exclusion criteria: More than 25 years age and less than 18 years age Do not provide informed consent Students with severe mental health disorder Student who are currently receiving psychological treatment Intervention groups: There will two intervention groups, experimental group (receive the treatment) and control group (will not receive the treatment) with psychosocial issues. Main outcome variables: Main outcome variables are: Reduction of Psychosocial issues like Depression, anxiety, stress, cyberbullying, loneliness, social comparison.

Study aim: the study aims to evaluate the short-term effects of Kinesio taping on pain reduction and functional improvement using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT), parallel-group design, comparing the effects of Kinesio taping with standard care versus standard care alone in patients with knee OA. A total of 100 participants randomly assigned to either the intervention group (Kinesio taping + standard care) or the control group (standard care alone) using concealed allocation. The study will follow up participants at 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week post-intervention to assess outcomes. Settings and conduct: conducted in clinical setting, patients randomly allocated and patients are not blinded Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged 40 to 80 years 2. Chronic knee pain 3. Ability to provide informed consent 4.Intact skin over knee Exclusion Criteria: 1. Presence of skin allergies, open wounds, or infections at the application site. 2. Diagnosed with inflammatory joint diseases. 3. Patients with neurological disorders 4. Pregnant Intervention groups: Intervention group will receive Kinesio taping (K-tape) application on the affected knee joint in addition to standard care. Tape strip (5 cm wide, length adjusted to knee size) placed medially from the tibial tuberosity to the rectus femoris muscle and another strip laterally. At middle portion 30-40% tension, at ends 0% tension. The tape will remain in place for 24 hours, unless discomfort or skin irritation occurs, in which case it will be removed. Main outcome variables: NRS and western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index( WOMAC)

. Settings and conduct: Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Participants/Inclusion and

Study aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of oral celecoxib over oral acetaminophen as pre-emptive analgesic for pain control after impacted mandibular third molar surgery, thus identifying the group of drugs that is more effective to achieve pre-emptive analgesia. Design: Randomized Controlled clinical trial with a parallel group design of 70 patients, enrolled between 18th February 2021 to 18th August 2021 and followed for 6 months Settings and conduct: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, AFID, Rawalpindi. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion crieteria: patients of both gender with age range 17-50 years, Patients with at least one impacted mandibular third molar that is indicated for surgical extraction, Patients with no intake of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs for 1 week. Exclusion crieteria: Pregnant or nursing women.Patients with serious diseases like liver, kidney and cardiovascular diseases.Patients with ulcers or bleeding in the digestive tract.Patients who are unable to express subjective discomfort symptoms.Patients with periodontal disease involving the adjacent teeth. Intervention groups: Intervention group is more efficacious as pre-emptive analgesic for post-operative pain control, in terms of mean pain reduction and low intake dose of rescue analgesic, after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Main outcome variables: The mean post-operative pain score at 4, 6 and 8 hours was 5.60 ± 1.29, 5.34 ± 1.16 and 5.66 ± 1.26 for group A (oral acetaminophen) ver us 3.0 ± 1.24, 2.97 ± 1.10 and 2.86 ± 1.22 for group B (oral celecoxib) (p-value = 0.0001). The mean Ibuprofen consumption (number of tablets) within 24 hours was 2.40 ± 0.88 for group A (oral acetaminophen) versus 0.97 ± 0.66 for group B (oral celecoxib) (p-value = 0.0001).

Study aim: To compare the efficacy of TaurolockHEP500®, as half and one third of standard dose on prevention of catheter related blood stream infection and catheter dysfunction in patients undergoing hemodialysis via tunneled double lumen catheter. Design: Two arm parallel group randomized trial, phase N/A, sample size of 314 , two centers Settings and conduct: Randomized controlled study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Urology Rawalpindi and Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi from September, 2023 to April, 2024. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: This study included patients who were undergoing hemodialysis via a tunneled double lumen catheter with blood flow rate (BFR) of > 250 mL/min at the start of the study and without previous history of CRBSI. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with catheter dysfunction defined by a (BFR) of < 250 mL/min, allergic to used drugs, with previous history of catheter dysfunction and CRBSI, IV drug abusers, changing dialysis from catheter to AVF were excluded from the study. Intervention groups: After every hemodialysis session, an injection TaurolockHEP500® was administered into the tunnelled double-lumen catheter in half dose for Group A (Intervention Group 1) and one-third dose for Group B (Intervention Group 2). The rest of the space in the catheter’s lumen was filled with heparin. All the patients were then followed for three months. Main outcome variables: Fever and rigors during hemodialysis CRP Blood flow rate during hemodialysis Blood culture and sensitivity

Study aim: To determine the effect of coordinative locomotor training on pain, balance and gait in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy patients Design: A randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups, a single blinded study of 3rd phase with 19 patients in each group which in total is 38 Settings and conduct: Allied Hospital Faisalabad, Madina teaching hospital Faisalabad. patientswill be kept unaware which group they are allocated to. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: • Age 35 to 60 years • Both genders male and female • Willing to participate in research • Cancer patients of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ • Receiving neurotoxic drugs (platinum based, taxanes based or both in combination) • Have received at least 4 cycles of chemotherapy treatment • Having numbness and tingling in distal areas • Pain in distal areas • At medium (19-24) to high (<19) risk of fall according to POMA • Able to communicate in Punjabi/Urdu/English • Cognitive dysfunction (Mini-Mental State exam score˂24) • Any recent major surgery • Unhealed lower extremity fracture • Having diabetic neuropathy before getting chemotherapy drugs • Other neurological problems including brain cancer • Cardiovascular diseases • Bone metastasis • Lower limb lymphedema • Musculoskeletal problems • amputated limb • with abnormal visual or auditory senses • uncooperative patients Intervention groups: Group A: coordinative locomotor training group. Group B: Conventional therapy group Main outcome variables: 1.pain 2.balance 3.gait

Study aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Rocabado exercises and myofascial release on pain and jaw mobility in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Design: A single-blinded, randomized clinical trial was conducted with thirty participants included by using convenient sampling technique. Settings and conduct: The study settings included physical therapy out patient departments of Allied Hospital and Madinah Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. The participants were blinded of the treatment given to them. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: The participants having age 18 to 30 years with mild to moderate temporomandibular joint dysfunction according to fonseca questionnaire and mild to moderate pain levels on numeric pain rating scale with restricted mouth opening were included in the study. the subjects with the history of any recent surgery, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility, severe osteoporosis, unhealed fracture of mandible and advanced diabetes were excluded. Intervention groups: There were two interventional groups named as group A (Rocabado exercises) and group B (Myofascial release technique). The participants of group A received a set of six exercises named as Rocabado exercises as a treatment. These six exercises included rest position of tongue, shoulder posture correction, stabilized cervical flexion, axial extension of neck, controlled TMJ rotation and rhythmic stabilization technique. The participants of group B received myofascial release technique as a treatment approach which included the myofascial release of masseter and temporalis muscles. Main outcome variables: The main outcome variables were severity of dysfunction, pain, functional limitation and mouth opening range of motion.

: Operative Dentistry Department of Islamic International Dental Hospital - Islamabad, Pakistan All patients

through 1. Pakistan Sports Board 2. Cricket Academies Lahore Participants/Inclusion and exclusion

Study aim: To find the effects of Acapella and positive end expiratory pressure device on pulmonary function test, cough maneuver, sputum diary and dyspnea in post-operative laparoscopic patients. Design: Two parallel group , Double blinded, randomized clinical trial with pre and post assessment Settings and conduct: Surgical Ward/Intensive Care Unit Services Hospital Lahore Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: Age criteria of 35-55yrs Patients undergone Laparoscopic Surgery (Cholecystectomy, Liver Biopsy, Ectopic Pregnancy, Splenectomy, and Ovarioectomy). Both male and female Exclusion Criteria: Patients body mass index < 15 kg.m-2 or > 30 kg.m-2 Patient’s history of respiratory tract infection within three months Patient’s baseline arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) < 70 mmHg or arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) > 50 mmHg; baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) < 30% of predicted. Intervention groups: Laparoscopic Surgery Patients using Acapella and Positive End Expiratory Pressure Device. Main outcome variables: Dyspnea will be checked by Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) Sputum Diary will be checked by Breathlessness, Cough, Sputum Scale (BCSS) Pulmonary Function Test will be checked by Spirometer and following four readings will be taken FVC, FEV1, FVC/FEV1, PEFR

Study aim: To find the effects of Pilates breathing versus Rhythmic initiation Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) on pulmonary function tests, dyspnea and chest expansion in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients. Design: Two parallel groups, double blinded randomized clinical trial with pre and post assessment Settings and conduct: Pulmonology ward , Ittefaq hospital Lahore Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria • Age group of 35-65years • Both male and females • COPD diagnosed according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases (GOLD) guidelines at mild stage EXCLUSION CRITERIA • Patients with any recent surgery • Patients with other medical conditions that may interfere with exercise program • Patients doing yoga training • Diagnosis of other chronic lung disease such as (bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, asthma, interstitial lung disease, lung cancer etc. • Mental Illness Intervention groups: Standardized pulmonary rehabilitation program along with Pilates breathing and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique Main outcome variables: Dyspnea measured using Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) scale, Chest Expansion measured using Measuring tape, Pulmonary Function Tests using Portable Spirometer

Study aim: To see the effectiveness of neural mobilization and PNF stretching in Bell's palsy patients. To see which one is more effective treatment for the Bell's palsy. Design: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study Settings and conduct: Govt. Allied Hospital Faisalabad; Punjab (Pakistan) Participants

Study aim: The objective of this study is to compare the treatment efficacy of adding neostigmine and atropine to standard treatment regimen versus standard regimen alone for post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) in patients after caesarian section delivery. Design: Double blind, single center, interventional randomized controlled trial Divided into two groups: Modified treatment group (n=65) Standard treatment group (n=65) Studied in two phases (Pain scores in phase 1 and adverse effects in phase 2) The patient were randomized using non-probability consecutive sampling via lottery method on cards given to the resident on duty in the intervention suite Settings and conduct: This was a double-blind study, carried out at the Dept of Anesthesiology, CMH Kharian. sealed envelopes containing pre-made regimes were given in both groups with the administering anesthetist and the anesthetist recording the results unaware of the drug formulation and the study protocol Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria included all patients with post-dural puncture headache presenting to the anesthesia clinic 48-72 hours after caesarian delivery. Exclusion criteria included patients unwilling for IV or oral therapy, refusal to be included in the study, patients with allergy to either atropine, neostigmine, paracetamol and/or ibuprofen, patients with known history of migraine, cluster headache Intervention groups: Patients in the standard regimen received the institute followed conservative management. Patients in the modified regimen received the same protocol and drugs of the standard regimen as well as IV neostigmine 20 mcg/kg and atropine 10 mcg/kg in 20 ml. Main outcome variables: Primary variables measured was pain threshold on visual analog scale (VAS)12 at 6,12,24,48, and 72 hours after the start of treatment.

Study aim: To check the effect of Myofascial release and muscle energy technique on quadratus lumborum in patients with non-specific low back pain patients Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with three parallel groups, a single blinded study of third phase in 20 patients in each group that are 60 in total . Settings and conduct: Allied hospital faisalabad and Madinah teaching hospital . Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Informed consent of the patient Diagnosed patient with non specific low back pain Age 18 to 40 years Gender both male and female Patient with pain at the attachment of quadratus lumborum Patients with restricted lateral flexion less than 25 degrees Pain on NPRS in range between 3-7 Patients with history of any spinal surgery in past six months Pathology of spine like tumor,tuberculosis,osteoporosis etc Patients with altered sensation (motor or sensory) Patient with spinal cord injury in past six months Any pathological condition related to hip joint e.g arthritis ,total knee replacement,total hip replacement or pregnancy etc. Intervention groups: GRP A:First, a hot pack is administered as a baseline treatment. 3reps of the treatment will take a total of 15 min. MET of QL given for 10-30 sec GRP B: The caudal hand was put on the participant's thigh, while the cranial arm's elbow was positioned above QL. Elbow was positioned obliquely close to the center of the column, applying minimal pressure. The individual's leg was gently pulled sideways by another hand. There are seven minutes . GRP C:total treatement time is 22 mins .Both techniques METand MFR is given in this group. Main outcome variables: NPRS , ODI and Inclinometer

Study aim: This study will be investigating the effects of Position release therapy (PRT) and Reciprocal Inhibition of METS in soccer players experiencing pain and discomfort condition. The reason for choosing this theme was basically to find out the appropriate therapeutic techniques by comparing therapy results with other techniques. Design: RCT Settings and conduct:  United Hospital Faisalabad  Physio Treats Physical Therapy and rehabilitation center  In Motion Physical therapy and Rehab Centre  Pro Health and Rehab Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria  Participants of age 18-40 were included  Male athletes were included  Pain in the buttock  Pain up to rank 3 on NPRS  Positive FABER and FAIR test  Positive Sciatic nerve tension test  Onset of pain 24-72 hours after provocative activity  Tenderness over the piriformis muscle  Patients who are willing to sign the consent form  Patient must be soccer player at least from 1 year Exclusion Criteria  Any known vascular condition  Diagnosed / known psychiatric illness  Positive SIJ dysfunction criteria  Positive tests for LBP  Deformity of the hip joint  Lumbar Disc Herniation  Spinal stenosis  Peripheral neuropathy  Systemic diseases e.g, hyper/hypotension, diabetes and hypo/hyperthyroidism  Individual consuming recreational drugs  Chain kinematic disturbance of whole limb  Degenerative condition  Any history of hip trauma or accident (6 months)  Burn/scar  Steroidal injection to hip joint  Diagnosed tumor  Myofascial pain syndrome Intervention groups: Group A Reciprocal Inhibition Group B Position Release Therapy Main outcome variables:  Pain  Hip ROM  Strength

Study aim: To evaluate and compare the effects of self-myofascial release and Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization on pain, hamstrings tightness and functional disability. Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with two parallel groups, a single blinded study of third phase with 17 patients in each group that are 34 in total. Settings and conduct: Allied Hospital Faisalabad and Madinah Teachning Teaching Hospital. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: Individuals diagnosed with non-specific lower back pain Individuals with hamstring tightness Subjects who voluntarily participated in the study Who had greater than 20 degrees knee extension lag while performing Active Knee Extension Test 27-46 years of age, male and female subjects. Exclusion Criteria: Individuals who had any previous lumbar spine surgeries Subjects who had any radiating pain or neurological deficit Subjects who had spine tumors, Ankylosing Spondylitis, or Spondylolisthesis With any any systemic illnesses, such as TB or spine infection Intervention groups: Group A Patients in this group performed self-myofascial release on hamstrings bilaterally using a tennis ball for 4 minutes, 2 minutes per leg. Hot pack was applied for 15 minutes as a baseline treatment in both groups. Group B Patients in this group had bilateral soft tissue mobilization of the hamstring muscles using the GT number 1 Graston device. each participant received 30 repititions for 60 seconds of Graston instrument technique from the gluteal line to the popliteal fossa Main outcome variables: • Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS): For pain assessment • Active Knee Extension Test (AKET): For hamstring tightness • Oswestry Disability Index (ODI): For functional disability

Study aim: This study will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of upper limb Resistance exercises (aerobic capacity, strength and quality of life among COPD patients) Design: A Randomized Controlled Trial will be conducted. Informed consent will be taken from patients by informing the aims and objectives of the study. Then patients will be selected on the basis of convenient sampling technique that will be randomized through the lottery method. Settings and conduct: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Hospital and General Hospital, Faisalabad. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion:  Age of patients taken is 25-55 years  Patients of both genders  Individuals with stable COPD(Chronic bronchitis, Emphysema, asthma) being monitored by pulmonologist Exclusion: • MSK (frozen shoulder, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, , traumatic fractures, amputation) • Cardiac issues • Surgery (Thoracic surgery, CABG) • Cognitively impaired dementia Peripheral oxygen saturation <90% during 6 min. walk test. Intervention groups: The control group will warm-up with slow walking, deep breathing and arm circles for 5-15 minutes. Aerobic exercise and inspiratory muscle training will be performed for 5-15 minutes, involving three sets with 10 repititions and a rest interval of 1-2 minute with threshold strength instruments. At the end of session stretching will be performed for 5-10 minutes. The treatment group will perform the same physical exercises routine as the control group, with additional upper limb resistance exercise in three sets with 10 repititions with rest interval of 1-2 minutes between each sets which will be followed by message therapy Main outcome variables: • Modified Borg Scale • Stethoscope • 6 min. walk test • QoL questionnaire • Dynamometer

Study aim: The aim of this study is to associate the effects of the ELDOA versus the (PFS) Post Facilitation Stretching technique to treat symptoms of Quadratus lumborum tightness affecting functional performance in (NSLBP) non-specific LBP patients. Design: A Randomized Clinical Trials (Quantitative Study) Settings and conduct: Participants of LBP were selected from the Outdoor Patient Department of Madina Teaching Hospital Faisalabad and Allied Hospital Faisalabad. It was of 4 months duration for the study to be completed after the approval of the synopsis. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria • 18 to 35 years adult • Both males and females • Study participants who are willing to take part • Participants having 3 to 7 scores on NPRS • No recent surgery in the past six months Exclusion criteria • No leg symptoms in the last week • Any Neurological disorders • Patients who have undergone back, pelvis, hip, or knee surgery within the preceding six months, as well as those with any history of lower limb fractures • Pregnancy (All trimesters) • Any medical condition contraindicatory to physical activity Intervention groups: Participants were screened through the selection criteria and were recruited into the study. The patients signed informed consent forms subsequent to subjects, which were randomly allocated into different groups. The participants were separated into two groups, both of which were part of the experimental condition, and depending upon the group allocation, the treatment plan's sequence and scheduled period were provided to the patients. Measurements were taken at baseline before treatment protocol and after the treatment performed at the end of 2nd week. There were three sessions per week for two weeks, i.e. six sessions. Main outcome variables: • Pain, ROM, Tightness, Disability

Lahore,Pakistan. Patients will be recruited from the surgical OPD coming for elective Peri-Anal

Study aim: To compare the effects of Gongs Mobilization and Maitland Mobilization on pain, shoulder range of motion (ROM) and shoulder function in patients with frozen shoulder. Design: Single Blinded Randomized Control Trial Settings and conduct: Main Medical DayCare Center Clinic Lahore, Mid City Hospital Lahore, Omar hospital Lahore. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria • Individuals voluntarily wanting to sign consent form • Both genders • Age group between 40-60 • Individuals diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis • Individual with restricted capsular pattern of shoulder joint (flexion, external rotation, abduction, and internal rotation) Exclusion Criteria Participants were not included in this research if they had anyone of the following symptoms: • Systemic disorder. • Acute inflammation around the shoulder joint • Neurological ailments • Recent fracture around the shoulder girdle • Shoulder displacement • Skin problem • Surgery around the shoulder joint Intervention groups: Group 1 received Gongs Mobilization technique and group 2 received Maitland Mobilization. Baseline treatment of moist hot pack from hydro collator at 55 degrees was provided to both groups for 10 minutes on the affected shoulder. Treatment was provided for 5 sessions on consecutive week days for 2 weeks. Main outcome variables: Visual Analogue Scale, Universal Goniometer, • Shoulder Pain and Disability Index

: Patients from the Physical Therapy Departments of Polyclinic, NIRM and Rawal hospitals, Islamabad Pakistan